Rat model of mild stenosis of the common bile duct

Abstract

Several techniques for developing incomplete obstruction of the common bile duct have been described but none of them properly represents a compression or constriction of the bile duct. In this study, a mild stenosis of the common bile duct was achieved in the rat by means of a double ligature including a cannula that could be easily slipped out of the ligatures. Sham-operated rats were used as controls. The studies, performed 7-10 days postoperatively, indicated that in ligated rats a duct constriction was produced, made evident by an increase of the biliary pressure, an upstream dilatation of the bile duct, an increase of the liver volume constituted by portal tracts, and ductular proliferation. Serum parameters were practically similar in ligated and control rats, except for a slight increase in serum bilirubin. Following intravenous injection of sodium taurocholate there were rapid increases of bile flow and bile salt output in both groups, but choleresis induced by sodium taurocholate was higher in ligated rats than in controls. The clearances of [14C]erythritol and [14C]sucrose suggested that ductular water contributing to bile flow and changes in biliary permeability were not involved in ligated rats. The limited repercussion of humoral effects and hepatic behaviour seen in ligated rats despite the morphological alterations induced make the mild stenosis of the bile duct a good model for the study of early stages of compression or constriction of the biliary tract.

Animal and Organoid Models of Liver Fibrosis

“…Simplicity of operator, commonly used, high reproducibility Highly toxic Müller et al, 1988;Fontana et al, 1996;Wei et al, 2014;Wallace et al, 2015;Inoue et al, 2018 -Garay et al, 1996;Kirkland et al, 2010;Heinrich et al, 2011;Tag et al, 2015 Kanzler et al, 1999;Ueberham et al, 2003;Thieringer et al, 2008;Fransén-Pettersson et al, 2016;Nishio et al, 2019;Yoshiji et al, 2000 Leite et al, 2016;Artegiani and Clevers, 2018;Coll et al, 2018;Ouchi et al, 2019;Pingitore et al, 2019;Prior et al, 2019;Brovold et al, 2020;Chusilp et al, 2020;Elbadawy et al, 2020 Frontiers in Physiology | www.frontiersin.org FIGURE 2 | Organoid models of liver fibrosis. The generation of liver organoids and liver fibrosis models.…”

“…BDL was first achieved by the double ligation of bile ducts in rats. In brief, at 7-10 days after surgery, bile duct stenosis, increased bile duct pressure, upstream dilatation of bile ducts, increased liver volume composed of portal vein and bile duct hyperplasia are observed ( Rodríguez-Garay et al, 1996 ). BDL protocols have been improved over time, but basically, animals are anesthetized and then undergo laparotomy.…”

Experimental models of liver fibrosis

“…Common bile duct ligation (BDL) is well known to cause cholestatic injury and periportal biliary fibrosis. This model was first established in rats and was later applied to mice (Miyoshi et al 1999; Rodríguez-Garay et al 1996). As such, BDL consists of a doubly ligated bile duct transected between 2 ligatures (Rodríguez-Garay et al 1996).…”

“…This model was first established in rats and was later applied to mice (Miyoshi et al 1999; Rodríguez-Garay et al 1996). As such, BDL consists of a doubly ligated bile duct transected between 2 ligatures (Rodríguez-Garay et al 1996). The obstruction of the bile duct evokes increases in biliary pressure, mild inflammation and cytokine secretion by biliary epithelial cells, thus generating cholestasis.…”

A new model of reversible obstructive jaundice using rapidly absorbable suture materials

“…Rodriguez-Garay et al ligated the CBD by a cannula alongside and that a er 7-10 days they removed the cannula by pulling it o the knots to achieve decompression [20]. In this manner, they demonstrated the possibility of forming a reversible, mild CBD stenosis.…”