Ras-like family small GTPases genes in Nilaparvata lugens: Identification, phylogenetic analysis, gene expression and function in nymphal development

Abstract

Twenty-nine cDNAs encoding Ras-like family small GTPases (RSGs) were cloned and sequenced from Nilaparvata lugens. Twenty-eight proteins are described here: 3 from Rho, 2 from Ras, 9 from Arf and 14 from Rabs. These RSGs from N.lugens have five conserved G-loop motifs and displayed a higher degree of sequence conservation with orthologues from insects. RT-qPCR analysis revealed NlRSGs expressed at all life stages and the highest expression was observed in hemolymph, gut or wing for most of NlRSGs. RNAi demonstrated that eighteen NlRSGs play a crucial role in nymphal development. Nymphs with silenced NlRSGs failed to molt, eclosion or development arrest. The qRT-PCR analysis verified the correlation between mortality and the down-regulation of the target genes. The expression level of nuclear receptors, Kr-h1, Hr3, FTZ-F1 and E93 involved in 20E and JH signal pathway was impacted in nymphs with silenced twelve NlRSGs individually. The expression of two halloween genes, Cyp314a1 and Cyp315a1 involved in ecdysone synthesis, decreased in nymphs with silenced NlSar1 or NlArf1. Cyp307a1 increased in nymphs with silenced NlArf6. In N.lugens with silenced NlSRβ, NlSar1 and NlRab2 at 9th day individually, 0.0% eclosion rate and almost 100.0% mortality was demonstrated. Further analysis showed NlSRβ could be served as a candidate target for dsRNA-based pesticides for N.lugens control.

dsRNAs Targeted to the Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens: Assessing Risk to a Non-Target, Beneficial Predator, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis

“…The RNAi efficiency outcomes significantly differed between the feeding and injection methods, although both protocols led to significantly reduced BPH survival. Similarly, Wang et al reported high BPH mortality following an injection protocol with the dsRNA from the Ras-like family SR β . Contrarily, we recorded no significant influence on survival after BPH fed on ds NlS R β in our pre-screen.…”

“…Similarly, Wang et al reported high BPH mortality following an injection protocol with the dsRNA from the Ras-like family SRβ. 31 Contrarily, we recorded no significant influence on survival after BPH fed on dsNlSRβ in our pre-screen. More to the point, compared with dsRNA injection, feeding much higher dsRNA concentration was necessary to achieve BPH lethality.…”

Comparative Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis of Heat Acclimation in Predatory Mite Neoseiulus barkeri

“…Other up-regulated proteins were also identified in HTAS strain, including Chymotrypsin B (2.45-fold) which displays positive regulation of apoptotic process (Orlowski, 1999); methyltransferase (2.14-fold) involves in environmentally induced epigenetic modification mechanism of DNA methylation (Bird, 2002); serpin B10 (1.71-fold) an immune-related protein, plays a role in the regulation of protease activities during hematopoiesis and apoptosis (Schleef and Chuang, 2000), as well as cytochrome P450 (1.64-fold) which is ubiquitous heme-containing monooxygenases involve in a number of vital processes including detoxication and fatty acid metabolism (Nebert and Gonzalez, 1987). Proteins down-regulated in HTAS included maleylacetoacetate isomerase (0.5-fold) which catalyzes the GSH-dependent isomerization of maleylacetoacetate and play vital role in tyrosine metabolism (Kim et al, 2011); PHD finger (0.52-fold) which performs essential roles in the regulation of histone methylation and is an essential factor for epigenetic regulation and genome maintenance (Liu et al, 2018); calcineurin-like phosphoesterase domain-containing protein 1 (CPPED1) (0.53-fold) which improves adipocyte glucose metabolism when downregulation of its expression (Vaittinen et al, 2013); Ras-like GTP-binding protein family (0.53-fold) which are components of signaling pathways that link extracellular signals via trans-membrane receptors to cytoplasm and touch on virtually every aspect of cell biology including growth, differentiation, morphogenesis, cell division and motility and cytokinesis (Wang et al, 2017); vitellogenin (0.63-fold) which belongs to a family of lipid transport proteins and is associated with reproduction (Sappington and Raikhel, 1998) and glutathione S-transferase (0.64-fold) which is involved in detoxification and antioxidant defense machinery protects against oxidative stress (Chasseaud, 1979;Gill and Tuteja, 2010) (Supplementary Tables S5, S6).…”

Identification of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes and their expression in response to high temperature in the alligatorweed flea beetle Agasicles hygrophila (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

“…From previous studies, we have concluded that the CYPs in the CYP2 and mitochondrial clan were mostly associated with the ecdysteroid metabolism pathway, such as CYP18A1 , CYP307A1 and CYP306A1 in Helicoverpa armigera 35 , CYP301A1 in Drosophila melanogaster 49 and CYP314A1 and CYP315A1 in Nilaparvata lugens 50 . Therefore, we speculate that these genes from mitochondrial and CYP2 clans in A .…”