Rare‐earth‐incorporated low‐dimensional chalcogenides: Dry‐method syntheses and applications

Abstract

Chalcogenide thin films incorporating rare-earth (RE) elements with applications in optics, electronics, and magnetics have received considerable attention. Aiming at growing pure chalcogenides, dry-method syntheses have been developed. In this review, we summarize the progress thus far on lowdimensional RE-based chalcogenides (RECs), covering fabrication methods, structures, and applications. This review also provides the summary and perspectives of the challenges of fabrication and opportunities on the application of RECs in the future.chalcogenide, dry-method synthesis, rare earth elements

Recent Advances in 2D Rare Earth Materials

“…Recently, there have been several studies related with 2D materials based on RE dopants. [76,77] As shown in Figure 1e, RE ions usually achieve cation substitutional doping because of a larger radius than the host metal atoms of 2D materials like MoS 2 , WS 2 , WSe 2 , SnS 2 and In 2 Se 3 . [78] Er, Eu, and Yb are the mostly used three RE ions as dopants.…”

“…[101][102][103][104][105] These two methods are effective to synthesize thin films and ultrathin layer microstructure by controlling the deposition rates of different elements. [76] Recently, these two methods have also been applied for 2D RE materials. [73,79] With MBE methods, Storchak et al achieved the growth of EuC 6 monolayer (Figure 3a,b).…”

Enhanced Electrical Performance of Monolayer MoS2 with Rare Earth Element Sm Doping

“…Furthermore, first principle calculations confirmed the possibility of doping 2D-TMDCs with rare earth elements [ 18 , 19 ]. Currently, progress is being made in the study of RE element-doped 2D-TMDCs films for optical, electronic, and magnetic applications [ 20 ]. For example, Qi Zhao et al made a breakthrough to synthesize MoS 2 :Dy sheets with robust and adjustable ferromagnetic properties at room temperature by a gas–liquid chemical deposition method [ 17 ].…”

Improved emission cross-section of erbium and demonstration of energy transfer in As2Se3 thin films

“…Their use has been explored in low dimension photonics as waveguide amplifiers, midinfrared fiber lasers, and gas sensors, demonstrating high emission cross-sections and lifetimes of about a few milliseconds. [7][8][9][10][11] Despite the promising results obtained until now, the use of chalcogenide glasses in integrated photonics is still limited due to the low dopant concentrations that these materials can withstand and their difficult integration on optoelectronic circuits. Although their properties are great for REI emissions, the solubility of REI is still challenging.…”

“…Their use has been explored in low dimension photonics as waveguide amplifiers, mid-infrared fiber lasers, and gas sensors, demonstrating high emission cross-sections and lifetimes of about a few milliseconds. 7–11…”