Rare-earth elements in groundwaters from the Osamu Utsumi mine and Morro do Ferro analogue study sites, Poços de Caldas, Brazil

The geochemistry of rare earth elements (REE) in acid mine drainage from the Sitai coal mine, Shanxi Province, North China

“…The total concentration of REEs (∑REE) in the AMD samples range from 54.37 μg/L to 68.80 μg/L (Table 2), which are about two or three orders of magnitude higher than total REE concentrations in the acidic Colour Lake (1.90 μg/L, Johannesson and Lyons, 1995), neutral Zhujiang River (0.355 μg/L, Wang et al, 1998) and Mississippi River (0.0418 μg/L, Hannigan and Sholkovitz, 2001). However, the total concentrations of REE in AMD from the Sitai coal mine are less than those reported for AMD from Osamu Utsmi (1046 μg/L, Miekeley et al, 1992) and Metalliferous Hills (929 μg/L, Protano and Riccobono, 2002), and are similar to those from Odiel River (42.62 μg/L, Elbaz-Plulichet and Dupuy, 1999). The REE concentrations of the Shili River and S-7 water samples (pH =6.76) are 0.242 μg/L and 0.391 μg/L, respectively, which are similar to that of Zhujiang River (0.355 μg/L, Wang et al, 1998).…”

“…Table 3 compares average REE concentrations (S-1 to S-6) from this study with other published results (Miekeley et al, 1992;Johannesson and Lyons, 1995;Wang et al, 1998;Elbaz-Plulichet and Dupuy, 1999;Hannigan and Sholkovitz, 2001;Protano and Riccobono, 2002). The total concentration of REEs (∑REE) in the AMD samples range from 54.37 μg/L to 68.80 μg/L (Table 2), which are about two or three orders of magnitude higher than total REE concentrations in the acidic Colour Lake (1.90 μg/L, Johannesson and Lyons, 1995), neutral Zhujiang River (0.355 μg/L, Wang et al, 1998) and Mississippi River (0.0418 μg/L, Hannigan and Sholkovitz, 2001).…”

Diel behavior of rare earth elements in a mountain stream with acidic to neutral pH

“…The geochemistry of rare earth elements (REE) in acidic waters has recently received considerable attention (Miekeley et al, 1992;Johannesson and Lyons, 1995;Lewis et al, 1997;Leybourne et al, 1998Leybourne et al, , 2000Elbaz-Poulichet and Dupuy, 1999;Hollings et al, 1999;Verplanck et al, 1999Verplanck et al, , 2004Johannesson and Zhou, 1999;Gimeno et al, 2000;Åström, 2001;Worrall and Pearson, 2001a, b;Gammons et al, 2003;Wood et al, 2005). The mobilities of REE typically are much higher in acidic as opposed to neutral or alkaline water, making analytical quantification relatively straightforward.…”

Determination of SO4β1 for yttrium and the rare earth elements at I = 0.66 m and t = 25°C—implications for YREE solution speciation in sulfate-rich waters

“…In systems where massive metal sulfide deposits, such as pyrite, are exposed to oxygenated waters, sulfate concentrations can reach values of 0.5 mol/L or more. Examples of such systems include acidic, sulfate-rich waters draining mine tailings (Miekeley et al, 1992), geothermal springs in Yellowstone National Park and Japan (Lewis et al, 1997(Lewis et al, , 1998Bau et al, 1998), acidic to slightly alkaline, sulfate-rich groundwaters and brines (Johannesson et al, 1996;Gimeno Serrano et al, 2000;Johannesson and Hendry, 2000), and an acidic freshwater lake in the Canadian arctic (Johannesson and Lyons, 1995;Johannesson and Zhou, 1999). All are characterized by YREE patterns with unusual MREE enrichments that have defied satisfactory explanation.…”