Rare earth cerium doping effects in nonlinear optical materials: potassiumhydrogen phthalate (KHP) and tris(thiourea)zinc(II) sulfate (ZTS)

Abstract

The influence of Ce(IV) doping on ZTS and KHP crystals over a concentration range from 1 to 10 mol% in the solution during crystallization, which leads to a true concentration range from few ppm to few tens of ppm in the crystals has been investigated. The XRD and FT-IR analyses indicate that the crystal undergoes considerable stress as a result of doping. Incorporation of the Ce(IV) dopant into the crystal lattice was well confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and quantified by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) technique. The high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) studies reveal that Ce doping in KHP leads to degradation of crystal quality whereas ZTS can accommodate Ce predominantly at the substitutional sites without any degradation of crystalline perfection. The second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency is not influenced by Ce doping in the KHP crystals while in ZTS crystals, it is enhanced to a considerable extent correlated with moderately improved crystalline perfection.

Remarkable enhancement in optical and thermal properties of sodium hydrogen phthalate hemihydrate crystals due to Fe3+ doping

“…Since Fe 3 þ prefers hexa-coordination, this Na þ site is a favorable one for the trivalent ions [17]. As ionic radii of Fe 3 þ is very small as compared to that of Na þ , therefore they will replace Na þ conveniently and with each replacement two cation vacancies are created [18]. Distribution of vacancies and interaction of vacancies with surrounding cations would result in change in dipole moment of the FSP crystals, due to which its optical and electrical properties change.…”

A study of as-grown, poled and reduced Rh-doped KNbO3 single crystals by high-resolution X-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, photoluminescence and dielectric measurements

“…1, all the DCs contain single diffraction peaks, revealing that the specimens are free from internal structural grain boundaries. However, their higher values of FWHM indicate that these samples contain good numbers of point defects and their clusters (Bhagavannarayana et al, 2009;Kasthuri et al, 2010).…”

Growth and Various Characterizations of Lithium Sulfate Monohydrate Single Crystals after Eu3+ and Tb3+ Ion Doping

“…In the recent past, it was observed in inorganic and semiinorganic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials the effect of dopants DOI: 10.1002/crat.202000075 like Eu 2+ , La 3+ , Tm 3+ , Er 3+ , Dy 3+ , Tb 3+ , Gd 3+ , Pr 3+ Ce 4+ , Th 4+ which results in enhancement of second harmonic generation efficiency and crystalline perfection. [1][2][3] Considerable interest has been given to the luminescent materials due to the remarkable advancements in technology in different fields like displays, electronics, photonics, lasers, optical amplification and fluorescent sensing. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] In many ways, due to long emission lifetime and sufficient spectral properties of some RE ions have become a point of interest and focus.…”