Rare-earth beta-diketonates

Abstract

Contents 157 5.6. Solution structure 157 5.7. Electrochemical properties 158 5.8. Thermodynamic properties 159 5.9. Magnetic properties 159 5.10. Crystal-field splittings 160 5.11. Infrared spectra 161 5.12. Chirality sensing 161 5.13. Properties of hemicyanine dyes with βdiketonate counter ions 162 6. Luminescence of β-diketonate complexes 162 6.1. Photoluminescence 162 6.2. Electroluminescence 178 6.3. Triboluminescence 179 6.4. Sensitized chemiluminescence 183 7. From complexes to materials 185 7.1. Sol-gel glasses 185 7.2. Ormosils 186 7.3. β-Diketonates in polymer matrices 190 7.4. β-Diketonates in zeolites 195 7.5. Langmuir-Blodgett films (LB films) 197 7.6. Liquid crystals 200 7.7. Nonlinear optical materials 203 8. From materials to devices 205 8.1. Chelates for lasers 205 8.2. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) 206 8.3. Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) 216 8.4. Polymeric optical waveguides and amplifiers 217 9. NMR shift reagents 218 9.1. Historical development and general principles 218 9.2. Achiral shift reagents 221 9.3. Chiral shift reagents 226 10. Analytical applications 227 10.1. Trace analysis of lanthanide ions 227 10.2. Trace analysis of organic and biomolecular compounds 229 10.3. Luminescent visualization of latent fingerprints 230 10.4. Chemical sensors 232 10.5. Stationary phases in gas chromatography 232 11. Applications of volatile complexes 233 11.1. Volatile β-diketonate complexes 233 11.2. Gas chromatographic separation of the rare earths 237 11.3. Preparation of thin films by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) 238 11.4. Preparation of thin films by atomic layer deposition (ALD) 241 11.5. Fuel additives 242 12. Solvent extraction 243 13. Catalytic properties 247

Ionic liquid as plasticizer for europium(iii)-doped luminescent poly(methyl methacrylate) films

“…The films were prepared in the dark, because it is known that the lanthanide b-diketonate complexes have a low photostability in most organic solvents, including in the THF which was used for solvent processing of the thin films. 34 The resulting films are red luminescent under UV irradition (Fig. 2) and show a typical europium(III) b-diketonate emission spectrum (Fig.…”

“…In particular, the intensity ratio I( 5 D 0 -7 F 2 )/I( 5 D 0 -7 F 1 ) ratio was only 6.9, whereas values higher than 10 are expected for a europium(III) b-diketonate complex. 34 Probably, dissociation of the europium(III) tetrakis b-diketonate complex occurred, due to the potentially coordinating carbonyl (CQO) groups of the PMMA matrix or THF molecules which are difficult to entirely remove from the films. The synthetic procedure was slightly adapted after these negative results.…”

Synthesis of a functionalized europium complex and deposition of luminescent Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films

“…[1][2][3] These complexes are known to yield bright emission under UV irradiation because of the effective energy transfer from the ligands to the central ions, by the so-called ''antenna effect''. The latter depends on the triplet energy of the b-diketone ligand being in resonance with the emitting state of the europium ion.…”

Evidence of the Participation of Electronic Excited States in the Mechanism of Positronium Formation in Substitutional Tb_1-<i>x</i>Eu_<i>x</i>(dpm)₃ Solid Solutions Studied by Optical and Positron Annihilation Spectroscopies

“…This channel acts as a luminescence quenching channel. 26,33 However, the thermal quenching is higher when a fraction of Tb(III) ions is substituted by Eu(III). This may be due to the introduction of the LMCT state in this system together with the Eu(III) ions and demonstrates that this state may act as a luminescence quenching channel.…”