Rare brainstem oligodendroglioma in an adult patient: Presentation, molecular characteristics and treatment response

An uncommon presentation of early brainstem high-grade glioma in a 33-year-old male: A case study and review of literature

“… Study Subjects Age or age range Type and regions MRI techniques Findings Leibetseder et al 2022 [ 21 ] 31 adults had MRI NR and/or NA Brainstem gliomas (pons and medulla oblongata) T1-w CT1-w T2-w FLAIR DWI and ADC ADC values ↔ the survival prognosis of BSG patients Roessler et al 2019 [ 22 ] Male 43 Exophytic brainstem gliomas (cerebellopontine angle) CT1-w T2-w CT1-w → partly cystic, partly solid tumor of the cerebellar-pontine angle T2-w → no border to the pons, without any edema Moharamzad et al 2018 [ 23 ] 14 adults NR HG-BSG (pons, midbrain, and medulla oblongata) T1-w CT1-w T2-w T2-w → high-signal intensity, asymmetrical lesions, necrosis, and prominent peritumoral edema → HG-BSG Spurgeon et al 2016 [ 20 ] Male 69 HG-BSG (ventrolateral medulla) CT1-w CT1-w → enhancing left medullary lesion Follow-up CT1-w (2 weeks) → enhancing left medullary lesion increased size. Hodges et al 2015 [ 24 ] Male 42 Oligodendroglioma (right pons) FLAIR Non-enhancing mass Purohit et al 2015 [ 15 ] Male 50 HG-BSG (left side of the pons and medulla) CT1-w T2-w DTI CT1-w → CE irregular area of HG-BSG FA → altered color intensity within WM (left CST, left central tegmental tract, left transverse pontine tract, and left MCP) T2-w → Infiltration and significant thinning of the left CST and the left central tegmental tract, the left transverse pontine tract, and the left MCP show infiltration. Hundsberger et al 2014 [ 16 ] 13 adults 20–81 (mean 45.2) HG-BSG (brainstem (pons n = 8)) T1-w CT1-w T2-w CT1-w → CE Babu et al 2013 [ 25 ] ...…”

2021 updates to the World Health Organization classification of adult-type and pediatric-type diffuse gliomas: a clinical practice review

“…In addition to the frontal lobe, other locations in the cerebrum include the temporal, parietal or rarely occipital lobe. Very rare case reports describe oligodendrogliomas arising in the posterior fossa, brainstem or demonstrating diffuse involvement of multiple bilateral brain areas in a gliomatosis cerebri pattern (26)(27)(28). Recurrent disease is more likely to show leptomeningeal or intraventricular spread (27,29,30).…”