Rare and challenging extra-axial brain lesions: CT and MRI findings with clinico-radiological differential diagnosis and pathological correlation

Demir, Mustafa Kemal; Yapıcıer, Özlem; Onat, Elif; Toktaş, Zafer Orkun; Akakın, Akın; Urgun, Kamran; Kılıç, Türker

doi:10.5152/dir.2014.14031

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Typical MRI patterns of CM are a well-circumscribed lesion with a central reticulated core of heterogeneous signal intensity and a peripheral hypointense rim in both T1- and T2 weighted images, with slight enhancement after gadolinium injection. [ 10 , 18 , 19 ] However, these representative MRI features, especially the so-called “black rim”, are usually absent in ECMs, which makes the radiological diagnosis of CM challenging. Therefore, most extra-axial cavernomas may be diagnosed as other common tumors such as meningioma and schwannoma preoperatively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcified extra-axial cavernous malformation arising from lower cranial nerves

Deng

et al. 2021

Medicine

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Rationale: Extra-axial cavernous malformations (ECMs) arising from cranial nerves (CNs) are rare. Complete “en bloc” lesion resection and hemosiderin-stained tissue preservation remain the standard treatment, while a different strategy may be needed when the lesion is highly calcified . We report the 3rd calcified ECM-CN and review the clinical features and surgical strategy for this rare condition considering previous literature. Patient concerns: We present a 52-year-old woman with a calcified lesion located in the right lower 1/3 of the cerebellopontine angle. Diagnosis: The diagnosis was calcified ECM-CNs according to the pathological and radiological features. Interventions: A posterior midline craniotomy was performed, and piecemeal resection of the lesion was carried out. Subtotal resection of the lesion was achieved with a small piece left in situ. Outcomes: No symptom or lesion-related recurrence was found during 28 months of follow-up. Lessons: Calcified ECM-CNs are unique cavernous malformations arising from CNs. Piecemeal resection and subtotal or near-total excision are 2 major aspects that differ from the surgical strategy for general ECM-CNs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcified extra-axial cavernous malformation arising from lower cranial nerves

Deng

et al. 2021

Medicine

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“…This detailed characterization is the prerequisite for either providing the final diagnosis, narrowing the differential diagnoses, or planning further workup. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Differential diagnoses of focal mass lesions involving the scalp and/or skull comprise among others bone cysts, hemangiomas, lymph nodes, lipomas, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, hematomas, myofibromas, meningoceles, encephaloceles, and metastases. 7,9,12,15 The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of dermoid cysts depend on their exact composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional and advanced MR imaging findings in a cohort of pathology-proven dermoid cysts of the pediatric scalp and skull

et al. 2021

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Background In the pediatric population, dermoid cysts are among the most frequent lesions of the scalp and skull. Imaging plays a key role in characterizing scalp and skull lesions in order to narrow the differential diagnoses. In general, dermoids are described as heterogeneous T1-/T2-hypo- to hyperintense lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. Methods The goal of this retrospective study is to evaluate the diffusion weighted imaging findings while reviewing the conventional T1-/T2-/T1+C-weighted MR characteristics in a pathology-proven series of 14 dermoids of the pediatric scalp and skull. Results In our pediatric cohort (eight boys, six girls, age range 3–95 months), half of the dermoids were homogeneous T1-hypointense and homogeneous T2-hyperintense. We found a mixture of restricted (45.5%) and increased diffusion (54.5%) in dermoids. The vast majority of dermoids (91.7%) showed rim enhancement. Most dermoids (57.1%) were located at the midline and adjacent to one of its sutures. Conclusions This study suggests that dermoids may have more variable imaging appearances than hitherto assumed and are frequently seen in close proximity or adjacent to the anterior fontanelle.

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“…Diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis with CT and MRI imaging is especially challenging due to non-specific signs. 21 MRI with gadolinium enhancement is the imaging of choice and may aid in making the diagnosis. Occasionally, biopsy of the brain, spinal cord or meninges is performed to confirm the diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurosarcoidosis: unusual presentations and considerations for diagnosis and management

Radwan

Lucke‐Wold

Robadi

et al. 2016

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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Background Sarcoidosis is a chronic, multisystem disease characterised by non-necrotising granulomatous inflammation of unknown aetiology. Most commonly, the lungs, lymph nodes, skin and eyes are affected in sarcoidosis; however, nervous system involvement occurs in approximately 5%–15% of cases. Any part of the nervous system can be affected by sarcoidosis. Cases Herein we describe three unusual patient presentations of neurosarcoidosis, one with optic neuritis, a second with hydrocephalus and a third with cervical myelopathy. Conclusions We include pertinent details about their presentations, imaging findings, pathology, management and clinical course.

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Rare and challenging extra-axial brain lesions: CT and MRI findings with clinico-radiological differential diagnosis and pathological correlation

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Calcified extra-axial cavernous malformation arising from lower cranial nerves

Calcified extra-axial cavernous malformation arising from lower cranial nerves

Conventional and advanced MR imaging findings in a cohort of pathology-proven dermoid cysts of the pediatric scalp and skull

Neurosarcoidosis: unusual presentations and considerations for diagnosis and management

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