Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated <i>Pisum sativum</i> L., cv. Alaska

Saltveit, Mikal E.; Dilley, David R.

doi:10.1104/pp.61.3.447

Cited by 96 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…If CO2 controlled wound ethylene synthesis by competing with endogenous ethylene for positive feedback sites, as it does in climacteric fruit (1, 7), then fluctuations in the internal concentration of CO2 could produce the characteristic pattern of woundinduced ethylene evolution. However, previous work has shown that during the first 2 hr, CO2 production remained almost constant as wound ethylene production fluctuated over 400%o (24).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Some experiments employed tissue which had dissipated their initial wound response (aged sections). The procedures for identifying and quantifying ethylene, C02, and 02 were the same as previously described (24 (Table I). The plungers were set at 5 ml (760 mm Hg) or held at 30 ml (130 mm Hg).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven-day-old etiolated seedlings of 'Alaska' pea were grown and prepared as previously described (24). Subapical stem sections (9-mm) excised 9 mm from the top of the apical hook were used in all kinetic studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A rapidly induced, transitory increase in the rate of ethylene synthesis has been observed in a variety of excised tissues (1,24). The wound response was recently characterized in Pisum sativum L., cv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska

Saltveit¹,

Dilley²

1978

Plant Physiol.

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Wound-induced ethylene synthesis by subapical stem sections of etiolated Pisum saivum L., cv. Alaska seedlngs, as described by Saltveit and Dilley (Plant Physiol 1978 61: 447450), was half-saturated at 3.6% (v/v) 02 and saturated at about 10% 02. Corresponding values for CO2 production during the same period were 1.1% and 10% 02, respectively. Anaerobiosis stopped all ethylene evolution and delayed the characteristic pattern of wound ethylene synthesis. Exposing tissue to 3.5% CO2 in air in a flowthrough system reduced wound ethylene synthesis by 30%. Enhancing gas diffusivity by reducing the total pressure to 130 mm Hg almost doubled the rate of wound ethylene synthesis and this effect was negated by exposure to 250 #1 liter-1 propylene. Applied ethylene or propylene stopped wound ethylene synthesis during the period of application, but unlike N2, no lag period was observed upon flushing with air. It is concluded that the characteristic pattern of wound-induced ethylene synthesis resulted from negative feedback control by endogenous ethylene.No wound ethylene was produced for 2 hours after excision at 10 or 38 C. Low temperatures prolonged the lag period, but did not prevent induction of the wound response, since tissue held for 2 hours at 10 C produced wound ethylene immediately when warmed to 30 C. In contrast, temperatures above 36 C prevented induction of wound ethylene synthesis, since tissue cooled to 30 C after 1 hour at 40 C required 2 hours before ethylene production returned to normal levels. The activation energy between 15 and 36 C was 12.1 mole kilocalories degree-'.A rapidly induced, transitory increase in the rate of ethylene synthesis has been observed in a variety of excised tissues (1,24). The wound response was recently characterized in Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska (24). In subapical stem tissue wound-induced ethylene production at 25 C increased linearly after a lag period of 26 min from 2.7 nl g-' hr-' to the first maximum of 11.3 nl g-' hr-' at 56 min. The rate of production then decreased to a minimum at 90 min, increased to a lower second maximum at 131 min, and then declined over a period of about 100 min to about 4 nl g-' hr-'. The magnitude of the response varied slightly from experiment to experiment, but the time sequence was constant for tissue excised from a given region of the pea seedling. In this study we examined the 02 and temperature dependency of woundinduced ethylene synthesis by etiolated 'Alaska' pea stem sections.Vegetative, ripening, and senescent tissue require 02 for ethylene synthesis (1,3, 6,13,21,29

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska

Saltveit¹,

Dilley²

1978

Plant Physiol.

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“…Stress-induced ethylene results from de novo synthesis, via the methionine pathway (1,8), and not just from facilitated diffusion of ethylene already present in the tissue ( 16).…”

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confidence: 99%

Metabolism of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid in Etiolated Maize Seedlings Grown under Mechanical Impedance

Sarquís¹,

Morgan²,

Jordan³

1992

Plant Physiol.

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We investigated the metabolism of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) in etiolated maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings subjected to mechanical impedance by applying pressure to the growing medium. Total concentrations of ACC varied little in unimpeded seedlings, but impeded organs accumulated ACC. Roots had consistently higher concentrations of ACC than shoots or seeds, regardless of treatment. The concentration of ACC in the roots increased more than 100% during the first hour of treatment irrespective of the pressure applied; in shoots, total ACC concentration increased 46% at either low or high pressure during the first hour of treatment. The bulk of ACC synthesized under impeded and unimpeded conditions was present in a conjugated form, presumably, 1-(malonylamino)-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. However, 1-(malonylamino)-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid increased 73% over controls after 10 hours at 25 kilopascals of pressure. Unimpeded tissue had about 77% ACC as the conjugate and 17% as free ACC, and less than 6% was used in ethylene production. Increased amounts of ACC were converted into ethylene under stress. In vivo ACC synthase activity in roots became six and seven times higher only 1 hour after initiation of treatment at 25 and 100 kilopascals of pressure, respectively, and remained high for at least 6 hours. However, the immediate and massive conjugation of mechanically induced ACC suggests that ACC N-malonyltransferase may play an important role in the regulation of mechanically induced ethylene production. After 8 hours, in vivo activity of the ethylene-forming enzyme complex increased 100 and 50% above normal level at 100 and 25 kilopascals, respectively. Furthermore, ethylene-forming enzyme complex activity was significantly greater at 100 kilopascals than in controls as early as 1 hour after treatment initiation. These data suggest that regulation of ethylene production under mechanical impedance involves the concerted action of ACC synthase, the ethylene-forming enzyme complex, and ACC N-malonyltransferase.Recently, we reexamined the effect of physical impedance on growth and ethylene production of etiolated, maize primary shoots and roots (17). Pressure-simulated impedance caused an inhibition of axial growth and a stimulation of radial expansion of both roots and shoots. We confirmed a strong correlation between mechanical impedance and increased ethylene production; furthermore, we showed that the increase in ethylene production preceded measurable morphological changes by at least 1 h. Effects of mechanical impedance were reproduced by fumigation with ethylene at

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Mechanical Stress Regulation of Plant Growth and Development

Mitchell

Myers

1995

Horticultural Reviews

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Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska

Cited by 96 publications

References 15 publications

Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska

Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska

Metabolism of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid in Etiolated Maize Seedlings Grown under Mechanical Impedance

Mechanical Stress Regulation of Plant Growth and Development

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