Rapidly growing and ulcerating metastatic renal cell carcinoma of the lower lip: A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have a tendency to metastasize at an early stage, therefore, the patients frequently exhibit metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Common locations for the metastases are adjacent organs and abdominal lymph nodes; however, occasionally metastasis to the peripheral organs may be the initial clinical symptom. The 71-year-old male patient in the current case suffered from radioresistant and aggressively behaving RCC metastasis in the mandible and lower lip, which was successfully managed by surgical resection. RCC metastasis to the facial area is considered to be uncommon based on a review of the existing literature. RCC are somewhat radioresistant and therefore, palliative surgery must be considered when treating patients with this metastatic disease.

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the oral cavity as first sign of disease: A case report

“…Metastasis of malignant tumors to the oral cavity represent only about 1% of oral malignancies, and in 23% of these cases, the metastatic diseases are the first indication of an unknown primary. 7,[16][17][18][19] Renal cell carcinoma is the second most common primary source of metastatic soft tissue malignancies in the oral cavity in men. 7,20 The prognosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma is generally poor, and metastasis to the oral cavity often signals a concurrent widespread disease to other distant organs.…”

“…7 Within the oral cavity, metastasis to the tongue and mandible is much more common compared with other intraoral sites, including the buccal mucosa. 7,[17][18][19][20] As with other metastatic soft tissue malignancies to the oral cavity, metastatic RCC to the oral cavity presents a twofold challenge: recognizing the lesion as a metastasis and determining the primary site. For this reason, metastatic RCC to the oral cavity, often presenting as an exophytic mass, with or without symptoms, leads to a constellation of the differential diagnoses listed above.…”

Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the maxillary gingiva: A case report and review of the literature

“…Of those cases, the most commonly involved sites are facial skin, the parotid gland, and paranasal sinuses, followed by the oral cavity. [ 3 4 5 ] Curiously, oral metastatic RCCs do not predominantly affect the gingiva, which most oral soft tissue metastases do, but rather occur in minor salivary gland-containing areas and the tongue. [ 5 8 ]…”

“…are not limited to the oral cavity proper. [ 5 ] In 12 of the cases reported between 2007 and 2017, oral metastasis was the first presentation of an otherwise occult renal tumor discovered at subsequent workup. The full listing of cases can be found in Table 1 .…”

“…The risk of metastasis to the latter is 15%, and most often affects facial skin. [ 3 4 5 ] Within the oral cavity, RCC is primarily metastatic to the tongue. [ 5 ]…”