Rapidly fatal disseminated acanthamoebiasis in a single lung transplant recipient

Afshar, Kamyar; BoydKing, Ayana; Ganesh, Sivagini; Herrington, Cynthia; McFadden, P. Michael

doi:10.12659/aot.883846

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Acanthamoeba castellanii typically complicates corneal transplantation leading to progressive keratitis, corneal opacities, or perforation [ 97 ]. It has also been reported in kidney [ 98 , 99 , 108 ], liver [ 105 ], lung [ 101 , 107 ], and multivisceral transplantation [ 100 ]. The total number of reported cases of post-SOT Acanthamoeba spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid Organ Transplant and Parasitic Diseases: A Review of the Clinical Cases in the Last Two Decades

2018

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of parasitic infections in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. We conducted a systematic review of literature records on post-transplant parasitic infections, published from 1996 to 2016 and available on PubMed database, focusing only on parasitic infections acquired after SOT. The methods and findings of the present review have been presented based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. From data published in the literature, the real burden of parasitic infections among SOT recipients cannot really be estimated. Nevertheless, publications on the matter are on the increase, probably due to more than one reason: (i) the increasing number of patients transplanted and then treated with immunosuppressive agents; (ii) the “population shift” resulting from immigration and travels to endemic areas, and (iii) the increased attention directed to diagnosis/notification/publication of cases. Considering parasitic infections as emerging and potentially serious in their evolution, additional strategies for the prevention, careful screening and follow-up, with a high level of awareness, identification, and pre-emptive therapy are needed in transplant recipients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…infection amount to 17 cases. Disseminated acanthamoebiasis in transplant recipients is associated with gastroenteritis, sclerosing cholangitis, encephalitis [ 100 , 101 , 107 ], and osteomyelitis [ 99 ]. A fatal outcome has been reported in most disseminated cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid Organ Transplant and Parasitic Diseases: A Review of the Clinical Cases in the Last Two Decades

2018

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“…While histopathology is crucial to diagnosis, more sensitive molecular analysis of tissue with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (available through the CDC or Mayo Medical Laboratories), may allow earlier detection. 3,8,9 This real-time PCR assay is able to detect one amoeba per sample. 10 Early diagnosis of Acanthamoeba infection is essential for appropriate management that may reduce likelihood of death.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,4 Previously reported cases were treated with various antimicrobial agents with variable effect. [2][3][4]8,9,11 Treatment with flucytosine and miltefosine has been associated with better responses, although rarely curative. 2,3 As illustrated here, the toxic effects of these antimicrobial agents must be considered during treatment.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Acanthamoeba Infection Presenting with Granulomatous Vasculitis

Park

Derebail²,

Saha³

et al. 2023

J of Skin

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Cutaneous acanthamoebiasis is a rare diagnosis that carries a mortality rate of over 70%. This disease predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, though infections have been reported in immunocompetent individuals. We report a fatal case of cutaneous Acanthamoeba infection in a patient with granulomatous vasculitis on biopsy, initially thought to be antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-negative vasculitis. The patient primarily presented with ulcerating nasal lesions, which subsequently developed into widespread cutaneous lesions. Diagnosis was made months after presentation when amebae were identified during histopathological examination of biopsies obtained repeatedly after the patient failed to improve on standard therapies for ANCA-negative vasculitis. Treatment was unsuccessful, and the patient died due to complications of widespread Acanthamoeba infection. Cutaneous acanthamoebiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous vasculitis that fails to improve on standard therapies. Early detection and treatment may improve outcomes and reduce mortality in this highly fatal infection.

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Acanthamoeba, Naegleria, and Balamuthia in Transplant Patients: An Emerging Threat

Puius¹,

Aldrich²,

Cope³

2020

Emerging Transplant Infections

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Rapidly fatal disseminated acanthamoebiasis in a single lung transplant recipient

Abstract: Acanthamoeba infection is extremely rare in thoracic organ recipients. We report the fifth case of progressive disseminated acanthamoebiasis in a lung transplant recipient.

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Solid Organ Transplant and Parasitic Diseases: A Review of the Clinical Cases in the Last Two Decades

Solid Organ Transplant and Parasitic Diseases: A Review of the Clinical Cases in the Last Two Decades

Cutaneous Acanthamoeba Infection Presenting with Granulomatous Vasculitis

Acanthamoeba, Naegleria, and Balamuthia in Transplant Patients: An Emerging Threat

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