Rapid tree carbon stock recovery in managed Amazonian forests

Rutishauser, Ervan; Hérault, Bruno; Baraloto, Christopher; Blanc, Lilian; Descroix, Laurent; Sotta, Eleneide Doff; Ferreira, Joice; Kanashiro, Milton; Mazzei, Lucas; D'Oliveira, M.V.N.; Oliveira, Luís Cláudio de; Peña-Claros, Marielos; Putz, Francis E.; Ruschel, Ademir Roberto; Rodney, Ken; Roopsind, Anand; Shenkin, Alexander; Silva, Kátia E da; Souza, Cíntia Rodrigues de; Toledo, Marisol; Vidal, Edson; West, Thales A. P.; Wortel, Verginia; Sist, Plínio

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.07.034

Cited by 108 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Production forest refers to forest, where commercial logging for timber production is allowed once per cutting cycle of 25-60 years on average, depending on forest types and management intervention (Rutishauser et al, 2015). Timber is exploited through selective logging systems, under which merchantable trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) greater than the DBH limits imposed by logging regulations in tropical countries (see Sasaki and Putz, 2009, for a list DBH limits in selected countries) are felled after logging permit is issued by the country in question.…”

Section: Tropical Production Forests and Current Logging Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Management of Tropical Forests Can Reduce Carbon Emissions and Stabilize Timber Production

Sasaki

Asner

Pan

et al. 2016

Front. Environ. Sci.

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HIGHLIGHTS• About 500 million hectares of tropical forests have been degraded due primarily to overexploitation • Preventing premature re-entry into harvested areas can retain up to 34% of carbon stocks in the forests • Adoption of reduced-impact logging and wood processing technologies (RIL+) along with financial incentives can reduce forest fires, forest degradation, maintain timber production, and retain carbon stocks • About US$1.8 Mg CO −1 2 or US$2 billion year −1 is needed for the adoption of RIL+ for the whole tropical production forests.The REDD+ scheme of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change has provided opportunities to manage tropical forests for timber production and carbon emission reductions. To determine the appropriate logging techniques, we analyzed potential timber production and carbon emission reductions under two logging techniques over a 40-year period of selective logging. We found that use of reduced-impact logging (RIL) techniques alone in tropical production forests (PdF) could reduce carbon emissions equivalent to 29-50% of net emissions from tropical deforestation and land use change, while also supplying 45% of global round-wood demand. Adopting RIL plus other improvements (RIL+) in forest management (adopting forest certification and DNA timber tracking to prevent illegal logging) and wood conversion practices (adopting technology to increase recovery of sawn wood), would result in increasing long-term carbon storage in sawn-wood and reduce logging-induced fire-prone wood wastes by 14-184%. For this to happen, about US$2 billion or $1.86 per Mg CO 2 in financial Sasaki et al. Sustainable Management of Tropical Forests incentives are needed annually for parties to adopt RIL+ and to prevent premature re-entry logging. Our findings suggest that future climate policies should explicitly include RIL+ to satisfy the "sustainable management of forests" proviso in the REDD+ scheme, and also count carbon in wood products as eligible credits for trading.

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Section: Tropical Production Forests and Current Logging Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Management of Tropical Forests Can Reduce Carbon Emissions and Stabilize Timber Production

Sasaki

Asner

Pan

et al. 2016

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…For these reasons, logged forests must be characterized by a disturbance gradient bound to (1) intensity of logging; (2) frequency of logging activities through time; and (3) forest management techniques (i.e., conventional management (CNV), Reduced Impact Logging (RIL), or no management techniques in case of illegal logging). These three variables have a critical influence on forest environmental services and forest resilience [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Patterns of Forest Disturbance and Logging Shape Forest Landscapes in Paragominas, Brazil

Tritsch

Sist

Narvaes

et al. 2016

Forests

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Abstract:In the Brazilian Amazon, multiple logging activities are undergoing, involving different actors and interests. They shape a disturbance gradient bound to the intensity and frequency of logging, and forest management techniques. However, until now, few studies have been carried out at the landscape scale taking into account these multiple types of logging and this disturbance gradient. Here we address this issue of how to account for the multiple logging activities shaping the current forest landscape. We developed an inexpensive and efficient remote sensing methodology based on Landsat imagery to detect and track logging activity based on the monitoring of canopy openings. Then, we implemented a set of remote sensing indicators to follow the different trajectories of forest disturbance through time. Using these indicators, we emphasized five major spatial and temporal disturbance patterns occurring in the municipality of Paragominas (State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon), from well-managed forests to highly over-logged forests. Our disturbance indicators provide observable evidence for the difference between legal and illegal patterns, with some illegal areas having suffered more than three explorations in fifteen years. They also clearly underlined the efficiency of Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) techniques applied under Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) guidelines to reduce the logging impacts in terms of canopy openings. For these reasons, we argue the need to promote legal certified logging to conserve forests, as without them, many actors mine the forest resources without any concerns for future stocks. Finally, our remote tracking methodology, which produces easy to interpret disturbance indicators, could be a real boon to forest managers, including for conservationists working in protected areas and stakeholders dealing with international trade rules such as RBUE (Wood regulation of European Union) or FLEGT (Forest Law for Enforcement, Governance and Trade).

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“…However, this "middle-way" between deforestation and integral conservation is politically charged, and sustainability remains poorly defined [23]. Indeed, logging unavoidably causes carbon loss for decades [24,25], while logging impacts on biodiversity are more difficult to quantify [26]. Additionally, it may also be expected that selective logging reduces water competition for residual trees, so that the simultaneous effect of increased water stress and logging activities could interplay to shape the response of production forests to undergoing climate changes [2,[27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability of Commercial Tree Species to Water Stress in Logged Forests of the Guiana Shield

Fargeon

Aubry‐Kientz

Brunaux

et al. 2016

Forests

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Abstract:The future of tropical managed forests is threatened by climate change. In anticipation of the increase in the frequency of drought episodes predicted by climatic models for intertropical regions, it is essential to study commercial trees' resilience and vulnerability to water stress by identifying potential interaction effects between selective logging and stress due to a lack of water. Focusing on 14 species representing a potential or acknowledged commercial interest for wood production in the Guiana Shield, a joint model coupling growth and mortality for each species was parametrized, including a climatic variable related to water stress and the quantity of aboveground biomass lost after logging. For the vast majority of the species, water stress had a negative impact on growth rate, while the impact of logging was positive. The opposite results were observed for the mortality. Combining results from growth and mortality models, we generate vulnerability profiles and ranking from species apparently quite resistant to water stress (Chrysophyllum spp., Goupia glabra Aubl., Qualea rosea Aubl.), even under logging pressure, to highly vulnerable species (Sterculia spp.). In light of our results, forest managers in the Guiana Shield may want to conduct (i) a conservation strategy of the most vulnerable species and (ii) a diversification of the logged species. Conservation of the already-adapted species may also be considered as the most certain way to protect the tropical forests under future climates.

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Rapid tree carbon stock recovery in managed Amazonian forests

Cited by 108 publications

References 8 publications

Sustainable Management of Tropical Forests Can Reduce Carbon Emissions and Stabilize Timber Production

Sustainable Management of Tropical Forests Can Reduce Carbon Emissions and Stabilize Timber Production

Multiple Patterns of Forest Disturbance and Logging Shape Forest Landscapes in Paragominas, Brazil

Vulnerability of Commercial Tree Species to Water Stress in Logged Forests of the Guiana Shield

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