Rapid Tempering of High Speed Steel

Powers, A. E.; Libsch, J. F.

doi:10.1007/bf03397393

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Austenite is not stabilized in treatments at higher temperatures (600 ºC and 700 ºC), regardless of the time, contrary to expectations 7,8,9 . Additionally, it is possible to observe in the graph referring to the tempering treatments followed by tempering at 500 ºC for 2 hours and in short times also carried out at 500 ºC for 10 seconds or 1 minute, the remaining peak referring to the austenite phase, since, the treatment by 2 hours, or even a shorter time, at 500 ºC was not able to promote the removal of the austenite retained in the quench 4,5,9 . Higher tempering temperatures can lead to embrittlement with microstructural changes that may be…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rapid induction tempering of high speed steel produced mechanical properties which are approximately equal to those resulting from conventional long-time tempering treatments. At maximum secondary hardness, high speed steel which is induction tempered by rapid heating exhibits a slightly greater proportion of retained austenite 4 . In secondary hardening steels the precipitation of dispersed carbides taking place at the elevated tempering temperatures caused martensite ageing 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tempering in short times can also be understood as an overtempering and is justified by using treatment attributes such as tempering and partitioning or intercritical treatments, where higher treatment temperatures are used and, in turn, reduced treatment times, with the intention of acting on austenite levels, either through its stabilization and retention or even through a possible reversion from martensite, as occurs with martensitic and supermartensitic stainless steels, combined with other phenomena such as carbide precipitation and recovery of martensite, responsible for better properties 1,4,6,7,8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of Short Times Tempering for AISI D2 Cold Work Tool Steel

Conci,

Centeno,

Goldenstein

et al. 2023

Mat. Res.

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Short time tempering has been applied to steels to improve toughness keeping the hardness at the same level. For AISI D2 tool steel, typical thermal cycles are quench and temper. The austenitizing temperature is around 1040 ºC and the subsequent double tempering at temperatures close to 500 ºC, for 2 hours each, in order to get the maximum secondary hardness. The aim of the present work is to verify the effects of short time tempering in the AISI D2. For such purpose the Hollomon-Jaffe tempering parameter was used to determine the equivalent time at 600 and 700 °C, being 500 °C for 2 hours the standard temperature and time. The thermal cycles were carried out at a dilatometer. All the specimens were austenitized at 1040 °C followed by double tempering at: 500 and 700 °C for 2 hours each; and 500 °C, 600 °C, and 700 °C for 10 s and 1 min each. The dilatometric curves were analysed. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Vickers hardness were carried out to characterize the microstructure and mechanical properties. The short time tempering conducted at high temperatures led to the formation and growth of tempering carbides and to matrix recrystallization, which were responsible for greatly reducing the hardness of the material. The short time tempering up to the intermediate temperature of 600 ºC, for 1 minute or 10 seconds, produced results like the conventional tempering in microstructural and hardness terms, denoting that the Hollomon-Jaffe tempering parameter predictability close to the secondary hardness peak.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of Short Times Tempering for AISI D2 Cold Work Tool Steel

Conci,

Centeno,

Goldenstein

et al. 2023

Mat. Res.

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“…A austenita não se estabiliza em tratamentos a temperaturas mais elevadas (600 ºC e 700 ºC), independente do tempo, ao contrário do esperado [7,8,9]. No gráfico referente aos tratamentos de têmpera seguidos de revenimento a 500ºC por 2 horas e em tempos curtos, também realizados a 500ºC, por 10 segundos ou 1 minuto, o pico remanescente à fase austenita é observado, uma vez que os tratamentos a 500 ºC, mesmo por 2 horas, não foram capazes de promover a remoção da austenita retida na têmpera [10,11,12,13]. Temperaturas de revenimento mais altas podem levar à fragilização do aço, com alterações microestruturais que podem estar associadas à fragilização de martensita revenida ou à fragilização do revenido [14].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…O rápido revenimento por indução do aço rápido produziu propriedades mecânicas que são aproximadamente iguais àquelas resultantes dos tratamentos convencionais de revenimento de longa duração. Na dureza secundária máxima, o aço rápido temperado por indução por aquecimento rápido exibe uma proporção ligeiramente maior de austenita retida [12]. Em aços com endurecimento secundário, a precipitação de carbonetos dispersos ocorrendo nas temperaturas de revenimento elevadas causaram o envelhecimento da martensita [13].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Precipitação De Carbonetos No Revenimento Em Tempos Curtos Do Aço Ferramenta Aisi D2

Conci,

Centeno,

Goldenstein

et al. 2023

ABM Proceedings

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ResumoO aço ferramenta AISI D2 é normalmente temperado em torno de 1040 ºC e revenimento em temperaturas próximas a 500 ºC. Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar tratamentos térmicos de têmpera a 1040°C, seguido de revenimentos duplos convencionais nas temperaturas 500 ºC e 700 ºC, ou, foram efetuados os tratamentos de revenido em tempos curtos em diferentes temperaturas de 500°C, 600 e 700°C em tempos de 10 segundos e 1 minuto, estimados pelo parâmetro de revenimento de Hollomon-Jaffe. Tendo como finalidade avaliar os efeitos dos tratamentos empregados sob a precipitação de carbonetos de revenimento. Os ciclos de tratamentos térmicos foram simulados por meio de equipamento dilatométrico e as amostras tratadas foram investigadas por microscopia óptica, eletrônica de varredura e difração de raios-X. O revenido de curto realizado a 600 ºC, por 1 minuto ou 10 segundos, acarretou um aumento na formação de carbonetos precipitados. Quando o revenimento foi feito a 700 ºC, independentemente do tempo, levou à formação e crescimento de carbonetos de revenimento e à recristalização da matriz, que foram responsáveis por reduzir a dureza do material. Palavras-chave: Aço AISI D2; Revenimento Curto; Precipitação de Carbonetos. CARBIDE PRECIPITATION IN SHORT TEMPERING OF AISI D2 TOOL STEEL AbstractAISI D2 tool steel is normally quenched around 1040 ºC and tempered at temperatures close to 500 ºC. The objective of this work was to carry out quenching heat treatments at 1040°C, followed by conventional double tempering at temperatures of 500°C and 700°C, or short tempering treatments at different temperatures of 500°C, 600°C and 700°C. °C in times of 10 seconds and 1 minute, estimated by the Hollomon-Jaffe tempering parameter. With the purpose of evaluating the effects of the treatments employed on the precipitation of tempering carbides. The heat treatment cycles were simulated using dilatometric equipment and the treated samples were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Short tempering carried out at 600 ºC, for 1 minute or 10 seconds, led to an increase in the formation of precipitated carbides. When tempering was performed at 700 °C, regardless of the time, it led to the formation and growth of tempering carbides and matrix recrystallization, which were responsible for reducing material hardness.

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