Rapid synthesis of free-standing MoO3/Graphene films by the microwave hydrothermal method as cathode for bendable lithium batteries

Abstract

Highly flexible, binder-free, MoO3 nanobelt/graphene film electrode is prepared by a two-step microwave hydrothermal method. Graphene is first prepared by an ultra-fast microwave hydrothermal method and then mixed with MoO3 solution to synthesize the MoO3 nanobelt/graphene composite, which exhibits the combination of stacked graphene sheets and uniform MoO3 nanobelts with widths of 200-500 nm and lengths of 5-10 μm. The charge-discharge measurements show that the as-synthesized MoO3/graphene hybrid materials demonstrate excellent rate capability, large capacity, and good cycling stability compared to the pure MoO3 film. An initial discharge capacity of 291 mAh g-1 can be obtained at 100 mA g-1, with a capacity of 172 mAh g -1 retained after 100 cycles. The results show that the MoO 3/graphene designed in this study can be used as a free-standing cathode material in rechargeable bendable Lithium batteries. © 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Keywords rapid, lithium, bendable, cathode, method, hydrothermal, microwave, films, graphene, moo3, free, synthesis, standing, batteries Disciplines Engineering | Science and Technology Studies Publication DetailsNoerochim, L., Wang, J., Wexler, D., Chao, Z. & Liu, H. (2013). Rapid synthesis of free-standing MoO3/ Graphene films by the microwave hydrothermal method as cathode for bendable lithium batteries. Journal of Power Sources, • A new method to synthesize high quality of MoO 3 nanobelts from commercial bulk.• Ultra-fast microwave hydrothermal method for fabrication MoO 3 /graphene films.• MoO 3 /graphene hybrid materials demonstrate good cycling stability as cathode. 3 IntroductionThe There are several reports on the hydrothermal synthesis of MoO 3 nanostructures to produce materials with high purity, homogeneity, good crystallinity, and unique properties [20,[38][39][40]. Microwave irradiation can be used as an alternative heat source for the 5 hydrothermal process [41,42]. It leads to a rapid heating to attain the desired temperature in a short time and increases the reaction kinetics compared to the conventional hydrothermal method. In a microwave-assisted hydrothermal reaction, the heating rate is extremely rapid, due to the dielectric property of the medium or solvent [41,42]. Recently, Phuruangrat et al. [43] reported MoO 3 nanowires 50 nm in diameter and 10-12 μm in length that were synthesized by the microwave assisted hydrothermal method with cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the surfactant-template.Here, we present a new method to synthesize high quality MoO 3 nanobelts from commercial bulk MoO 3 without a surfactant-template and combine them with graphene via a two-step microwave hydrothermal method for fabrication of highly flexible free-standing MoO 3 /graphene films. The free-standing MoO 3 nanobelt/graphene films prepared by the above method followed by the vacuum filtration technique were investigated as a cathode material for bendable Lithium batteries and compared with MoO 3 nanobelt films prepared by a similar method ...

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