Rapid Sequence Intubation Improves Extubation Rates for Emergently Intubated Critically Ill Patients

Stress-related cardiomyopathies

“…The mechanisms responsible for increase troponin levels and LV dysfunction are not clearly understood. The implication of systemic inflammatory response with the liberation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and other cardiosuppressive cytokines, such as interleukin-6, has been previously reported [8,31,32,37,39]. Histopathological studies in patients with LV dysfunction and septic shock revealed contraction band necrosis previously reported in case of sympathetically mediated myocardial injury [40].…”

“…As reported by Chockalingam et al, determination as to whether the LV dysfunction is the cause, effect, or a coincidental finding has to be made and revisited periodically [8]. One of the most widely observed findings in critically ill patients is the onset of a global LV dysfunction.…”

“…Rapid blood pressure lowering was required with vasodilators, i.e., nitroglycerin infusions and/or oral administration of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists, to prevent the onset of acute LV dysfunction and cardiogenic shock [8,35,36]. …”

“…LV dysfunction has been associated with the elevation of cardiac troponin levels and indicated a poor prognosis in septic critically ill patients [8,31,32,37,39]. This elevation of the troponin levels occurred in the absence of flow limiting coronary artery disease.…”

“…This elevation of the troponin levels occurred in the absence of flow limiting coronary artery disease. The transient increase in the troponin levels was probably the consequence of a loss of cardiomyocytes membrane integrity with a subsequent troponin leakage [8,31,32,37,39]. The mechanisms responsible for increase troponin levels and LV dysfunction are not clearly understood.…”