Rapid selection of Andrographis paniculata medicinal plant materials based on major bioactive using near-infrared spectroscopy

Abstract

The quantitative analysis of andrographolides in Andrographis paniculata plant materials is essential for pharmaceutical factories. This analysis cannot be done for all samples due to the conventional process using the extraction and HPLC methods requires a long analysis time and sample destruction. Therefore, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was employed to classify the class of A. paniculata and to determine the content of two active ingredients, andrographolide (AP1) and dehydroandrographolide (AP3) in A. paniculata , rapidly and non-destructively. One hundred twenty dried powder samples were obtained from aerial parts, branches, leaves, and branches mixed with leaves. The NIR absorption scans were collected from a broad spectral region (1000–2500 nm). Then, the scanned samples were extracted and analyzed for their AP1 and AP3 contents using an HPLC reference method. The success classification model based on AP1 level was developed using the second derivative pretreated NIR spectra of the entire wavelength region using the Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) method. The NIR calibration models were developed and tested for quantitative analysis with 50 independent samples. The models were identified for the analysis of the AP1 content with excellent performance (correlation coefficient ( R ) = 0.98; standard error of validation (SEV) = 0.24%) and for the analysis of the AP3 content at a good level of efficiency ( R = 0.93; SEV = 0.15%). This study showed that NIR spectroscopic method offers rapid analysis for the selection of A. paniculata that meets the requirement in bioactive amount. Graphic Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11696-021-01746-0.

Rapid Determination of Andrographolide and Dehydroandrographolide in <i>Andrographis paniculata</i> by HPLC-UV at Equal Absorption Wavelength

“…Reportedly, the external standard method (ESM) is often utilized to test the contents of AP and DAP with two reference components for quantification, which has the problems of excessive consumption of reference components and complicated preparation of reference solution [7,11]. The EAW detection method is to find two reference solutions with the same UV absorption wavelength as HPLC detection wavelength.…”

“…paniculata, have been widely applied in quality evaluation of A. paniculata medicinal material and its relevant products [4][5][6]. Previous reports have used high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) [7],…”

“…thin-layer chromatography [8], micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography [9], infrared spectroscopy [7], and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy [10] to develop methods for quantifying the levels of AP and DAP in A. paniculata. Notably, HPLC is recognized as the standard method for determining component content of A. paniculata according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia [1], and is the most widely used method in A. paniculata industry.…”

“…However, the reported HPLC methods about A. paniculata have problems in long-time sample extraction and HPLC separation, as well as excessive consumption of reference components and organic reagents. For instance, Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition) [1] prepared samples via ultrasonic extraction, with extraction for 30 min, liquid phase analysis for 65 min, and 158.8 mL methanol consumed; Kasemsumran et al [7] prepared samples by soxhlet extraction, with 210 min of extraction, 16 min of liquid phase analysis, and 117.2 mL methanol consumption; Liu et al [11] adopted Chinese medicinal materials [12][13][14]. Core-shell column has high column efficiency, low back pressure, and rapid analysis, which can realize rapid analysis on conventional HPLC similar to ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph (UPLC).…”