Rapid screening of pyogenic Staphylococcus aureus for confirmation of genus and species, methicillin resistance and virulence factors by using two novel multiplex PCR

Haque, Abdul; Haque, Asma; Saeed, Muhammad Azam; Azhar, Aysha; Rasool, Samreen; Shan, Sidra; Ehsan, Beenish; Nisar, Zohaib

doi:10.12669/pjms.335.13487

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…For the binding assay for RAW264.7 cells, cells in 24-well plates were treated with S. aureus DNA in the presence or absence of 300 nM CXCL14 at 4 °C for 1 h. The treated cells were lysed to isolate genomic DNA. The copy ratio of S. aureus DNA to mouse genome DNA was determined by qPCR using primer sets for S. aureus Nuc [used for copy number validation ( 53 )] and mouse rRNA ( SI Appendix , Table S1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian protection against bacterial skin infection by epidermal CXCL14-mediated innate immunity

Tsujihana

Tanegashima

Santo

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and the body’s primary barrier to external pathogens; however, the early epidermal immune response remains to be mechanistically understood. We show that the chemokine CXCL14, produced by epidermal keratinocytes, exhibits robust circadian fluctuations and initiates innate immunity. Clearance of the skin pathogen Staphylococcus aureus in nocturnal mice was associated with CXCL14 expression, which was high during subjective daytime and low at night. In contrast, in marmosets, a diurnal primate, circadian CXCL14 expression was reversed. Rhythmically expressed CXCL14 binds to S. aureus DNA and induces inflammatory cytokine production by activating Toll-like receptor (TLR)9-dependent innate pathways in dendritic cells and macrophages underneath the epidermis. CXCL14 also promoted phagocytosis by macrophages in a TLR9-independent manner. These data indicate that circadian production of the epidermal chemokine CXCL14 rhythmically suppresses skin bacterial proliferation in mammals by activating the innate immune system.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian protection against bacterial skin infection by epidermal CXCL14-mediated innate immunity

Tsujihana

Tanegashima

Santo

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Molecular analysis of Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (pvl) gene among MRSA and MSSA isolates

et al. 2023

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The present study was conducted in order to determine the frequency of pvl gene among the pathogenic and healthy population isolates of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). For this purpose, nasal swab samples were collected from the healthy individuals (to be used as controls, all the samples were collected irrespective of the sex and age factors), the pathogenic samples were collected from different patients suffering from skin &soft tissue infections caused by S. aureus (to be used as test samples).Both of these population samples were analyzed for the presence of pvl gene. S.aureus were identified through conventional microbiological identification procedures. In the case of normal samples, 70 nasal swabs were collected and only 33 (47%) proved to be S. aureus while 20 pathogenic samples were collected and all (100%) were cleared as S. aureus. For further distribution of samples into MRSA and MSSA, antibiotic susceptibility pattern was checked by using the standard protocols of Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Two antibiotic discs Oxacillin (OX: 1ug) and cefoxitin (FOX: 30ug) were used. Among healthy population, MRSA was found to be 79% (n=26) and MSSA were present as 21% (n= 7). Among pathogenic strains 100% MRSA was detected where n= 20. Detection of pvl gene among the MRSA and MSSA isolates was done by using the uniplex PCR followed by gel electrophoresis. MRSA and MSSA of normal healthy population carried 49% and 7% pvl gene respectively. While, pathogenic MRSA samples carried 46% pvl gene among them. Potentially alarming percentage of pvl gene is present among the normal healthy individuals which indicates a future threat and a major health concern.

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Rapid screening of pyogenic Staphylococcus aureus for confirmation of genus and species, methicillin resistance and virulence factors by using two novel multiplex PCR

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Circadian protection against bacterial skin infection by epidermal CXCL14-mediated innate immunity

Circadian protection against bacterial skin infection by epidermal CXCL14-mediated innate immunity

Molecular analysis of Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (pvl) gene among MRSA and MSSA isolates

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