Rapid Scale-Up of Antiretroviral Treatment in Ethiopia: Successes and System-Wide Effects

Abstract

Yibeltal Assefa and colleagues describe the successes and challenges of the scale-up of antiretroviral treatment across Ethiopia, including its impact on other health programs and the country's human resources for health.

Implementation and outcomes of an active defaulter tracing system for HIV, prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT), and TB patients in Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya

“…5 Patient tracing is one tool for retaining patients in HIV treatment programmes, and understanding the true outcomes of alleged defaulters. 4,5,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Modes of patient tracing briefly described in other studies include telephone calls, letters, outreach teams and home visits. 4,7,14,16,17,22 Classifying all patients whose vital status (e.g.…”

Exploring Barriers to Medication Safety in an Ethiopian Hospital Emergency Department: A Human Factors Engineering Approach

“…26 The critical deficiencies identified in the medication delivery system of the ED illustrate this point. For example, while there was a great deal of emphasis on training staff in emergency care services (primarily physicians and nurses), work was limited in developing a medication use system that supports efficient delivery of medications.…”

Using global health initiatives to strengthen health systems: A civil society perspective

“…Evidence of health workforce impacts has been mixed, with some studies finding improved health worker job satisfaction, improved in-service training, beneficial task shifting and reduced demand for hospital beds (WHO 2006, Makombe et al 2007, ICAP 2008, WHO 2008b, Biesma et al 2009, WHO Maximising Positive Synergies Research Group 2009, while other studies have found evidence of training-related workplace disruptions, disregard for expanded demands on a stretched health workforce, and drain from the public sector to NGObased priority disease projects (Oomman et al 2008, Yu et al 2008, Biesma et al 2009, Hanefeld 2008, Hanefeld and Musheke, 2009, WHO Maximising Positive Synergies Research Group 2009. Likewise, reports concerning impacts of diseasespecific GHIs on non-priority health needs have shown increased attendance for antenatal care, immunisations, sexually transmitted infection treatment and other services, especially in programmes using integrated care models (Walton et al 2004, Janssens et al 2007, Assefa et al 2009, Price et al 2009, WHO Maximising Positive Synergies Research Group 2009). Other reports have found that health care workers have been drawn away from certain primary care activities (Hanefeld et al 2007, Marchal et al 2009).…”