Rapid scalable fabrication of roll-to-roll slot-die coated flexible perovskite solar cells using intense pulse light annealing

Chandrasekhar, P. S.; Chapagain, Sashil; Brox, M.; Armstrong, Peter J; Grapperhaus, Craig A.; Druffel, Thad

doi:10.1039/d2se00911k

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, these blowing parameters, such as air-knife position, gas pressure, and flow rate, are difficult to control accurately since slight turbulence in the automated fabrication system will affect the ideal manufacturing. Hence, alternative methods can be introduced to replace the blowing treatment, such as the vacuum flash-assisted process (with low pressure at ∼20 Pa) [81], hot-coating technique [30,82], near-infrared irradiation heating (3-6 kW for 20-250 s) [38] and intense pulsed light [44]. Also, we appeal to be more transparent about these methods, such as providing more descriptions of the corresponding facilities, which will be beneficial for the whole slot-die coating community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ink engineering for slot-die coated perovskite solar cells and minimodules

Zhang

2023

J. Phys. Energy

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The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have approached 26% for single-junction and 33% for multi-junction cells. Thus, various scalable depositions are studied to improve the manufacturability of PSCs for market entry. Of all types, slot-die coating is a promising technique thanks to its excellent compatibility with versatile systems. However, the complicated ink chemistry and film formation are major obstacles to scaling up devices. In this review, we systematically discuss ink engineering in the fabrication of slot-die-coated PSCs and perovskite minimodules (PMs), covering all functional layers that are processed using solution-based means. We then summarize a range of strategies to improve ink compatibility with slot-die coating, focusing on how to optimize the ink formulation to achieve high-quality films. Finally, we highlight the existing challenges and potential avenues for further development of slot-die-coated devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ink engineering for slot-die coated perovskite solar cells and minimodules

Zhang

2023

J. Phys. Energy

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“…Using optimized parameters for slot die coated SnO 2 and perovskite we achieved an average PCE of 10.6%, V oc of 0.97 V, J sc of 22.9 mA cm −2 and FF of 47% for 1 cm 2 cells taken from across a 1 meter length of film. 41…”

Section: Nanomaterials For Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesizing and formulating metal oxide nanoparticle inks for perovskite solar cells

Armstrong,

Chapagain,

Panta

et al. 2023

Chem. Commun.

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“…However, the production capacity of a roll-to-roll line is limited by the slowest step. Encouraging results have been demonstrated for high-throughput processing of NiO, SnO 2 , Cu, and perovskite , layers by intense pulsed light (IPL) annealing, with opportunities for further refinement. A typical roll-to-roll process has three steps: (1) mixing of precursors, (2) coating of ink, and (3) drying/annealing of the coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IPL-Annealed Mixed-Cation Perovskites with Robust Coating Window toward Scalable Manufacturing of Commercial Perovskite Solar Cells

Brox

Chapagain

Armstrong

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising alternative solar technology, but the technical challenges of (1) stability/durability, (2) efficiency at scale, and (3) manufacturability must be overcome to achieve widespread PSC commercialization. The challenge of balancing solution ink formulation and scalable manufacturing is often overlooked in the literature, where focus is on adopting inks from processes that will not scale. In this study, we apply a classical roll-to-roll manufacturing perspective, utilizing both compositional engineering and intense pulsed light (IPL) annealing, to develop a mixed-cation perovskite ink with a robust coating window that simultaneously solve issues of stability and manufacturability for PSCs. Our method resulted in blade-coated, flexible, mixed-cation PSCs on ITO-PET substrates with a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) efficiency of 16.7% using IPL annealing of the absorber layer and, to our knowledge, is one of the fastest processing methods for the perovskite layer. This overall reduction in processing time with a stable ink represents an advance toward the scaled production of perovskite solar cells on flexible substrates.

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Rapid scalable fabrication of roll-to-roll slot-die coated flexible perovskite solar cells using intense pulse light annealing

Abstract: Schematic illustration of custom-built roll-to-roll machine setup showing the continuous processing between the unwind and rewind stations including CDT surface preparation, deposition by slot die, drying by an air knife and thermal processing using IPL.

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Ink engineering for slot-die coated perovskite solar cells and minimodules

Ink engineering for slot-die coated perovskite solar cells and minimodules

Synthesizing and formulating metal oxide nanoparticle inks for perovskite solar cells

IPL-Annealed Mixed-Cation Perovskites with Robust Coating Window toward Scalable Manufacturing of Commercial Perovskite Solar Cells

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