Rapid responses in bovine milk fatty acid composition and phenol content to various tanniferous forages

Birkinshaw, Amy; Schwarm, Angela; Marquardt, Svenja; Kreuzer, Michael; Terranova, Melissa

doi:10.22358/jafs/131171/2020

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…), the feeds’ properties (effect on palatability, presence of antinutritive substances), or their availability and form (extracts, natural feeds). Although macroalgae, such as Ascophyllum nodosum , are used mainly for their high content of macro- and microminerals, polysaccharides, polyphenols, and bioactive peptides [ 183 ], microalgae are rich in crude protein and/or long-chain PUFAs, especially EPA, DHA, and linoleic and/or γ-linolenic acid [ 59 , 63 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. The algal components were generally given in amounts ranging from 100 to 310 g/d on an as-fed basis (see the Table 1 ), except for the situation in which the microalgae were used as a protein substitution for soybean meal in daily amounts ranging from 1.12 to 1.63 kg DM/d [ 67 ].…”

Section: Effect Of Alternative and Unconventional Feeds On Selected Fatty Acids And Health Properties Of Milk Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, tannin extracts are expensive and may reduce the palatability of diets. This is why various tanniferous plants were tested as an alternative to tannin extracts [ 183 ]. Aside from their phenol contents, tanniferous plants are rich in C16:0, ranging from 19.7 to 47 g/100 g FA, according to plant species, and in C18:1c9, C18:2n6, and C18:3n3 (see Table 1 ).…”

Section: Effect Of Alternative and Unconventional Feeds On Selected Fatty Acids And Health Properties Of Milk Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can also induce changes in milk FAs by altering the course of rumen biohydrogenation. These effects were mainly obvious in minor FAs (C15:0–C17:0), the long-chain FAs (mainly ALA), and intermediates of ruminal biohydrogenation (VA, RA) [ 183 ]. Among the reviewed tanniferous compounds, oak tannins (heartwood) seem to be the most efficient in reducing SFAs and increasing MUFA and PUFA contents (see Table 3 ).…”

Section: Effect Of Alternative and Unconventional Feeds On Selected Fatty Acids And Health Properties Of Milk Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, among the reviewed feeds, the highest content of C12:0 was found in milk fat after feeding with all tanniferous plants, fed in the form of plant components (not extract) [ 183 ], and the lowest content was found after feeding with cactus cladode silage. On the other hand, no clear effect of algal supplements on C12:0 was observed ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Effect Of Alternative and Unconventional Feeds On Selected Fatty Acids And Health Properties Of Milk Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the feedstuffs described above, the lowest AI (1.39, Table 4 ) of all was observed in cactus cladodes, due to their low contents of atherogenic FAs C12:0, C14, and C16:0. Among the algal feeds, a low AI (1.90) was found in rumen-protected algae [ 185 ], suggesting that rumen-protected forms of algal supplementation can be suitable not only from the view of the modification of milk FAs, but also from the dietetic point of view, because they eliminate the negative effects of algal products on feed intake, rumen fermentation, and deteriorations in milk yield and quality [ 58 , 183 ]. On the other hand, the highest AI was observed in Spirulina platensis (6,8) [ 77 ], the macroalga Ascophyllum (4.12) [ 187 ], and Schizochytrium spp.…”

Section: Effect Of Alternative and Unconventional Feeds On Selected Fatty Acids And Health Properties Of Milk Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alternative and Unconventional Feeds in Dairy Diets and Their Effect on Fatty Acid Profile and Health Properties of Milk Fat

Hadrová

Sedláková

Křížová

et al. 2021

Animals

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Milk fat is an important nutritional compound in the human diet. From the health point of view, some fatty acids (FAs), particularly long-chain PUFAs such as EPA and DHA, have been at the forefront of interest due to their antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties, which play a positive role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as well as linoleic and γ-linolenic acids, which play an important role in CVD treatment as essential components of phospholipids in the mitochondria of cell membranes. Thus, the modification of the FA profile—especially an increase in the concentration of polyunsaturated FAs and n-3 FAs in bovine milk fat—is desirable. The most effective way to achieve this goal is via dietary manipulations. The effects of various strategies in dairy nutrition have been thoroughly investigated; however, there are some alternative or unconventional feedstuffs that are often used for purposes other than basic feeding or modifying the fatty acid profiles of milk, such as tanniferous plants, herbs and spices, and algae. The use of these foods in dairy diets and their effects on milk fatty acid profile are reviewed in this article. The contents of selected individual FAs (atherogenic, rumenic, linoleic, α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids) and their combinations; the contents of n3 and n6 FAs; n6/n3 ratios; and atherogenic, health-promoting and S/P indices were used as criteria for assessing the effect of these feeds on the health properties of milk fat.

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Section: Effect Of Alternative and Unconventional Feeds On Selected Fatty Acids And Health Properties Of Milk Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Alternative and Unconventional Feeds On Selected Fatty Acids And Health Properties Of Milk Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Alternative and Unconventional Feeds On Selected Fatty Acids And Health Properties Of Milk Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Alternative and Unconventional Feeds On Selected Fatty Acids And Health Properties Of Milk Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Alternative and Unconventional Feeds On Selected Fatty Acids And Health Properties Of Milk Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Alternative and Unconventional Feeds in Dairy Diets and Their Effect on Fatty Acid Profile and Health Properties of Milk Fat

Hadrová

Sedláková

Křížová

et al. 2021

Animals

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The Improved Method for Determination of Orotic Acid in Milk by Ultra-Fast Liquid Chromatography with Optimized Photodiode Array Detection

Czauderna

Białek

Molik

et al. 2021

Animals

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Ultra-fast liquid chromatography (UFLC) with a photodiode array detector (DAD) for simple and rapid determination of orotic acid (OAc) in milk of sheep and cows is described. Milk samples are treated with acetonitrile (1:1, v/v) and then centrifuged at 4 °C. To 1 mL of the obtained supernatant 9 mL of ultrapure water was added. Subsequently, 0.5–6 µL of the resulting solution was injected into the UFLC-DAD system. Separation and quantification of OAc in milk samples was achieved using two Kinetex C18 columns (1.7 µm, 150 mm × 2.1 mm, i.d., 100 Å; Phenomenex) fitted with a pre-column of 4 mm × 2 mm, i.d. (Phenomenex) containing C18 packing material. All separations were performed at a column temperature of 35 °C while the ambient temperature was 21–24 °C. Satisfactory separation of OAc from endogenous species of milk can be achieved using the binary gradient elution program and UV detection at wavelengths 278 nm. Our original procedure resulted in suitable separation and quantification of OAc in milk samples; OAc eluted at 6.44 ± 0.03 min. The total run time of OAc analysis (including re-equilibration) was 27 min. As expected, the OAc peak was absent from the blank when the proposed gradient elution program and UV detection at 278 nm was used. The average recoveries of OAc standards added to milk samples were satisfactory (96.7–105.3%). The low inter-and intra-assay coefficient of variation derived from the measurements of OAc in cow and ovine milk samples (i.e., 0.784%, 1.283% and 0.710%, 1.221%, respectively) and in O-Ac standards (i.e., 0.377% and 0.294%, respectively), as well as high recoveries of OAc added to ovine and cows’ milk (~100%) and the low detection (0.04 ng) and quantification (0.12 ng) limits point to satisfactory accuracy, precision and sensitivity of the reported method. OAc concentrations in ovine milk samples were within the range from 25 to 36 mg/L, while OAc levels in cows’ milk samples was found in the range of 32–36 mg/L. Our original procedure is suitable for routine quantification of OAc in milk of ewes and cows.

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Effects of Chestnut Hydrolysable Tannin on Intake, Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, Milk Production and Somatic Cell Count in Crossbred Dairy Cows

Prapaiwong

Srakaew

Poolthajit

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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This study was conducted to determine the effects of chestnut hydrolysable tannin (CHT) on intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, milk yield and somatic cell count in crossbred dairy cows (>75% Holstein Friesian). Four crossbred dairy cows (467.6 ± 35.2 kg BW) were assigned to be supplemented with one of four levels of CHT according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Dietary treatments included the control (without CHT supplementation) and CHT treatments that consisted of supplementation with 3.15, 6.30 and 9.45 g CHT/day. Rice straw was given ad libitum. The results showed that increasing levels of CHT tended to quadratically decrease rice straw intake (p = 0.06). However, total dry matter intake (DMI) and other nutrients were not different (p > 0.05) among the dietary treatments. The apparent digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) in cows with CHT treatments were higher (p < 0.05) than those of control cows. Milk yield and milk composition were not different (p > 0.05) among treatments. Lactose yield tended to increase linearly (p = 0.09) as CHT supplementation increased. Ruminal pH and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) were not different (p > 0.05), but total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) increased linearly (p < 0.05) as CHT levels increased. The somatic cell count (SCC) and somatic cell score (SCS) in the CHT treatments were different (p < 0.01) than those in the control treatment. In conclusion, it appears that CHT supplementation improved feed utilization and influenced SCC in crossbred dairy cows. Long-term research is needed to confirm the benefit of CHT supplementation.

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Rapid responses in bovine milk fatty acid composition and phenol content to various tanniferous forages

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Alternative and Unconventional Feeds in Dairy Diets and Their Effect on Fatty Acid Profile and Health Properties of Milk Fat

Alternative and Unconventional Feeds in Dairy Diets and Their Effect on Fatty Acid Profile and Health Properties of Milk Fat

The Improved Method for Determination of Orotic Acid in Milk by Ultra-Fast Liquid Chromatography with Optimized Photodiode Array Detection

Effects of Chestnut Hydrolysable Tannin on Intake, Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, Milk Production and Somatic Cell Count in Crossbred Dairy Cows

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