Rapid Response Survey Gauges Sandy's Impact on Seafloor

Goff, John A.; Austin, James A.; Flood, Roger D.; Christensen, Beth A; Browne, C. M.; Saustrup, S.

doi:10.1002/2013eo390001

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…High runoff into the Salisbury Embayment is suggested by the high kaolinite contents (Gibson et al, 2000) with the TEX 86 and δ 18 O record of the Marlboro Clay indicating an increase in temperature and a decrease in salinity due to increased precipitation (Cramer et al, 1999;Makarova et al, 2017;Self-Trail et al, 2012;Sluijs et al, 2007). A large supply of riverine sediment shown to produce mudflows during major floods or storms in a variety of settings (Geyer et al, 2000;Goff et al, 2013) may have characterized the paleo-Susquehanna and/or paleo-Potomac drainages during deposition of the Marlboro Clay, especially under the extreme climate conditions that are believed to have prevailed at the onset of the CIE. A dense cross-shelf instrument array off the Eel River in northern California documents an example of modern episodic mid-shelf mud deposition and suggests that waveinduced processes play an important role redistributing riverine sediment, especially as cross-shelf flows of fluidized mud (Traykovski et al, 2000). Lithologic banding at the Wilson Creek and Millville sites in New Jersey (Wright and Schaller, 2013) and the presence of hundreds of individual depositional packages that may represent wave-enhanced sediment flows at localities such as Mattawoman Creek, Maryland (Powars et al, 2015) point to very rapid accumulation of the Marlboro Clay.…”

Section: Deposition Of the Marlboro Claymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced magnetization of the Marlboro Clay as a product of soil pyrogenesis at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary?

Kent

Lanci

Wang

et al. 2017

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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The kaolinite-rich Marlboro Clay was deposited on the inner shelf in the Salisbury Embayment of the U.S. Atlantic margin at the onset of the carbon isotope excursion marking the 56 Ma Paleocene-Eocene boundary and is characterized by an anomalously high concentration of magnetic nanoparticles of enigmatic origin that give rise to notably intense bulk magnetization. Recent studies point to a magnetic assemblage that is dominated by single-domain magnetite particles that tend to be isolated rather than arranged in chains, the most distinguishing feature of magnetotactic bacteria fossils. On the other hand, it is very unlikely that the nanoparticles can be condensates of an impact plume given the meter-scale thickness of the Marlboro Clay. We obtained new data from a landward proximal site at Wilson Lake on the New Jersey Coastal Plain and find that the abrupt increase in magnetite nanoparticles is virtually coincident stratigraphically with the recently reported impact spherule layer at the base of the Marlboro Clay in the same core. Yet the high field magnetic susceptibility, a measure of total iron concentration, and strontium isotope values on bulk sediment, an indicator of sediment weathering provenance, are not different in the Marlboro Clay from the immediately underlying Vincentown Formation. We suggest that the distinctive magnetic properties of the Marlboro Clay originated from pyromagnetic soil enhancement by widespread wildfires on the adjoining drainage area. The pyrogenetic products were soon washed from the denuded landscape and rapidly deposited as mud-waves across the shelf, becoming the Marlboro Clay. A few percent of incinerated biomass ends up as calcite known as wood ash stone and can inherit its light carbon isotope composition. Disseminated wood ash stone entrained in the Marlboro Clay could contribute to the landward increase in amplitude of the carbon isotope excursion in bulk carbonate data. A plausible trigger for the initial conflagration is a fireball from the impact of a sizable extraterrestrial object at moderate range.

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Section: Deposition Of the Marlboro Claymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced magnetization of the Marlboro Clay as a product of soil pyrogenesis at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary?

Kent

Lanci

Wang

et al. 2017

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…Estuarine and coastal regions of the US face multiple marine spatial planning issues and challenges, including the effects of episodic storms, climate change, and other stressors [3]. In particular, there has been a strong interest in and multiple efforts to examine the effects of hurricane Sandy on the seabed within the Mid-Atlantic Bight [4][5][6]. The anticipated impacts of offshore development on the seabed and to the ecology and, more generally, initiatives in marine spatial planning [3] point to an ever-increasing need for both base-line mapping and monitoring efforts directed at biological habitats and geological features of the littoral zone.…”

Section: Background On Acoustic Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benthic Habitat Morphodynamics-Using Remote Sensing to Quantify Storm-Induced Changes in Nearshore Bathymetry and Surface Sediment Texture at Assateague National Seashore

Trembanis

Abla

Haulsee

et al. 2019

JMSE

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This study utilizes repeated geoacoustic mapping to quantify the morphodynamic response of the nearshore to storm-induced changes. The aim of this study was to quantitatively map the nearshore zone of Assateague Island National Seashore (ASIS) to determine what changes in bottom geomorphology and benthic habitats are attributable to storm events including hurricane Sandy and the passage of hurricane Joaquin. Specifically, (1) the entire domain of the National Parks Service offshore area was mapped with side-scan sonar and multibeam bathymetry at a resolution comparable to that of the existing pre-storm survey, (2) a subset of the benthic stations were resampled that represented all sediment strata previously identified, and (3) newly obtained data were compared to that from the pre-storm survey to determined changes that could be attributed to specific storms such as Sandy and Joaquin. Capturing event specific dynamics requires rapid response surveys in close temporal association of the before and after period. The time-lapse between the pre-storm surveys for Sandy and our study meant that only a time and storm integrated signature for that storm could be obtained whereas with hurricane Joaquin we could identify impacts to the habitat type and geomorphology more directly related to that particular storm. This storm impacts study provides for the National Park Service direct documentation of storm-related changes in sediments and marine habitats on multiple scales: From large scale, side-scan sonar maps and interpretation of acoustic bottom types, to characterize as fully as possible habitats from 1 to 10 m up to many kilometer scales, as well as from point benthic samples within each sediment stratum and these results can help guide management of the island resources.

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Rapid Response Survey Gauges Sandy's Impact on Seafloor

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Enhanced magnetization of the Marlboro Clay as a product of soil pyrogenesis at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary?

Enhanced magnetization of the Marlboro Clay as a product of soil pyrogenesis at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary?

Benthic Habitat Morphodynamics-Using Remote Sensing to Quantify Storm-Induced Changes in Nearshore Bathymetry and Surface Sediment Texture at Assateague National Seashore

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