Rapid prototyping of all-polymer AWGs for FBG readout using direct laser lithography

Pichler, Elke; Bethmann, Konrad; Kelb, Christian; Schade, Wolfgang

doi:10.1364/ol.43.005347

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In the following subsections, the key components of the novel interrogation system are presented consecutively. Although the mathematical modeling, simulation and general fabrication steps for an all-polymeric AWG have been recently presented [36] and are not part of this work, the design and manufacturing are described as differences exist.…”

Section: Sensor and System Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In special applications-as it is the case with FBG-based battery monitoring at least today-the costs of manufacturing process setup as well as the cost-per-unit for silicon AWG is so high, that we could find no scientific or commercial implementation of AWG-based readout for fiber optic battery sensors despite the huge advantages. We therefore manufactured all-polymer AWG that are working at near IR center wavelength (850 nm), reducing manufacturing complexity, post-processing effort and resulting per-unit cost dramatically, as described in [36]. A further advantage of the unit working in the 850 nm region lies in lower cost of peripheral components like light sources and detectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Polymeric Arrayed Waveguide Grating Interrogator for Fast and Precise Lithium-Ion Battery Status Monitoring

et al. 2019

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We present the manufacturing and utilization of an all-polymer arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) interacting with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) for battery status monitoring on the example of a 40 Ah lithium-ion battery. The AWG is the main component of a novel low-cost approach for an optical interrogation unit to track the FBG peak wavelength by means of intensity changes monitored by a CMOS linear image sensor, read out by a Teensy 3.2 microcontroller. The AWG was manufactured using laser direct lithography as an all-polymer-system, whereas the FBG was produced by point-by-point femtosecond laser writing. Using this system, we continuously monitored the strain variation of a battery cell during low rate charge and discharge cycles over one month under constant climate conditions and compared the results to parallel readings of an optical spectrum analyzer with special attention to the influence of the relative air humidity. We found our low-cost interrogation unit is capable of precisely and reliably capturing the typical strain variation of a high energy pouch cell during cycling with a resolution of 1 pm and shows a humidity sensitivity of −12.8 pm per %RH.

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Section: Sensor and System Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%