“…All TPC procedures are performed on an outpatient basis unless the patient is already in hospital. While rapid [20] as well as outpatient [21] pleurodesis has been advocated, length of stay (LOS) was not reported in the rapid study and success rate was only 48%, whereas only 10 patients were studied in the outpatient report, which has yet to be replicated. LOS following thoracoscopy is frequently said to be short but often not clearly reported in studies [3,4,22,23].…”