Rapid on-site identification of hazardous organic compounds at fire scenes using person-portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)–part 2: water sampling and analysis

Lam, Rylee; Lennard, Chris; Kingsland, Graham; Johnstone, Paul; Symons, Andrew; Wythes, Laura; Fewtrell, Jeremy; O’Brien, David; Spikmans, Val

doi:10.1080/20961790.2019.1662648

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…15,16 Jedni od prvih terenskih GC-MS uređaja bili su Viking SpectraTrak™ 672 i Bruker EM 640S koji su bili relativno velikih dimenzija i vrlo teški, a okolišni uvjeti znatno su utjecali na njihov rad. 17 Današnji prijenosni GC-MS uređaji (slika 1) malih su dimenzija i mase 10 -20 kg te omogućuju detekciju i identifikaciju koja za hlapljive i djelomično hlapljive organske spojeve traje do 10 min. Kod slabo hlapljivih spojeva prije analize se mora provesti prilično zahtjevna priprema uzorka koja je dugotrajna, složena i rizična te se obavlja u najvišem stupnju zaštitne opreme.…”

Section: Prijenosna Gc-ms Detekcijaunclassified

Tehnologije koje se primjenjuju za terensku detekciju bojnih otrova: II. dio – Detektori nove generacije

Cetina¹,

Tušek²,

Ključarić³

2022

Kemija U Industriji

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Shortly after introduction of commercial automatic chemical detectors, mostly based on ion mobility spectrometry technology, at the end of 20 th century field devices using other chemical detection techniques (FTIR, Raman, GC-MS, surface acoustic wave, photoacoustic, electrochemical, biosensor and others) were developed. Among these techniques, portable GC-MS detectors provide very reliable qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis, but high cost of these devices, the complexity of operating with them and the complexity of sample preparation for analysis present a problem. Some chemical detection technologies cannot be used for the development of a reliable hand-held chemical detector, and not a single technique, for the time being, allows the development of a universal chemical detector. A potential solution is the development of a multi-sensor device that compensates negative sides of each of the sensors. This paper provides an overview of commercially available chemical detectors based on new generation detection technologies and an overview of scientific research focused on further development of detection with simpler, more reliable and preferably cheaper solutions is given.

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Section: Prijenosna Gc-ms Detekcijaunclassified

Tehnologije koje se primjenjuju za terensku detekciju bojnih otrova: II. dio – Detektori nove generacije

Cetina¹,

Tušek²,

Ključarić³

2022

Kemija U Industriji

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“…The in-field results do not need to be confirmatory and do not have to withstand scrutiny in court (Lam et al 2019b ; Spikmans 2019 ). The in-field results need to provide preliminary information on the pollutant(s) present in a timely manner to allow the field officer to manage the site to protect the environment (Galuszka et al 2015 ; Lam et al 2018 ; Spikmans 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given these requirements, miniaturised field-portable equipment is highly suited for the task (Guidotti et al 2020 ; Lam et al 2019b ; Valcárcel and Cárdenas 2005 ). Fit-for-purpose results can be obtained despite potential sacrifices in performance due to miniaturisation, shorter analysis times, and whilst being used in uncontrolled environmental conditions (Bartley et al 2007 ; Galuszka et al 2015 ; Turl and Wood 2008 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the complex nature of the samples that are commonly encountered during environmental investigations (Cattle et al 2004 ; Kaljurand 2014 ; Spikmans 2015 ), methods that are developed for in-field application should not only be capable of detecting common target compounds in a range of matrices but should also be capable of screening and identifying non-target compounds using library searches (Galuszka et al 2015 ; Lam et al 2019a ). This would provide for a generic approach and would generate sufficient information to guide the on-site investigation until confirmatory results are provided by the reach-back laboratory (Lam et al 2019b ; Valcárcel and Cárdenas 2005 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Portable gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method for the in-field screening of organic pollutants in soil and water at pollution incidents

Duff,

Lennard,

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Environmental pollution incidents generate an emergency response from regulatory agencies to ensure that the impact on the environment is minimised. Knowing what pollutants are present provides important intelligence to assist in determining how to respond to the incident. However, responders are limited in their in-field capabilities to identify the pollutants present. This research has developed an in-field, qualitative analytical approach to detect and identify organic pollutants that are commonly detected by regulatory environmental laboratories. A rapid, in-field extraction method was used for water and soil matrices. A coiled microextraction (CME) device was utilised for the introduction of the extracted samples into a portable gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for analysis. The total combined extraction and analysis time was approximately 6.5 min per sample. Results demonstrated that the in-field extraction and analysis methods can screen for fifty-nine target organic contaminants, including polyaromatic hydrocarbons, monoaromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, phthalates, organophosphorus pesticides, and organochlorine pesticides. The method was also capable of tentatively identifying unknown compounds using library searches, significantly expanding the scope of the methods for the provision of intelligence at pollution incidents of an unknown nature, although a laboratory-based method was able to provide more information due to the higher sensitivity achievable. The methods were evaluated using authentic casework samples and were found to be fit-for-purpose for providing rapid in-field intelligence at pollution incidents. The fact that the in-field methods target the same compounds as the laboratory-based methods provides the added benefit that the in-field results can assist in sample triaging upon submission to the laboratory for quantitation and confirmatory analysis.

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Portable Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry: Instrumentation and Applications

Leary¹,

Kammrath

Reffner

2021

Portable Spectroscopy and Spectrometry

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Rapid on-site identification of hazardous organic compounds at fire scenes using person-portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)–part 2: water sampling and analysis

Abstract: Spikmans (2020) Rapid onsite identification of hazardous organic compounds at fire scenes using person-portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-part 2: water sampling and analysis, Forensic

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Tehnologije koje se primjenjuju za terensku detekciju bojnih otrova: II. dio – Detektori nove generacije

Tehnologije koje se primjenjuju za terensku detekciju bojnih otrova: II. dio – Detektori nove generacije

Portable gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method for the in-field screening of organic pollutants in soil and water at pollution incidents

Portable Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry: Instrumentation and Applications

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