Rapid NMR Method for the Quantification of Organic Compounds in Thin Stillage

Ratanapariyanuch, Kornsulee; Shen, Jianheng; Jia, Yunhua; Tyler, Robert T.; Shim, Youn Young; Reaney, Martin J. T.

doi:10.1021/jf2026007

Cited by 32 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The composition of TS was characterized according to Ratanapariyanuch et al (2011). Nuclear magnetic resonance and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were utilized to determine the content of organic compounds including ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) provided a detailed analysis of inorganic constituents.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biorefinery process for protein extraction from oriental mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) using ethanol stillage

et al. 2012

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Large volumes of treated process water are required for protein extraction. Evaporation of this water contributes greatly to the energy consumed in enriching protein products. Thin stillage remaining from ethanol production is available in large volumes and may be suitable for extracting protein rich materials. In this work protein was extracted from ground defatted oriental mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) meal using thin stillage. Protein extraction efficiency was studied at pHs between 7.6 and 10.4 and salt concentrations between 3.4 × 10-2 and 1.2 M. The optimum extraction efficiency was pH 10.0 and 1.0 M NaCl. Napin and cruciferin were the most prevalent proteins in the isolate. The isolate exhibited high in vitro digestibility (74.9 ± 0.80%) and lysine content (5.2 ± 0.2 g/100 g of protein). No differences in the efficiency of extraction, SDS-PAGE profile, digestibility, lysine availability, or amino acid composition were observed between protein extracted with thin stillage and that extracted with NaCl solution. The use of thin stillage, in lieu of water, for protein extraction would decrease the energy requirements and waste disposal costs of the protein isolation and biofuel production processes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study (Ratanapariyanuch et al 2011), we thoroughly characterized TS to determine the presence of compounds that might affect protein extraction. The use of TS for protein extraction from canola or mustard meal has not been reported previously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biorefinery process for protein extraction from oriental mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) using ethanol stillage

et al. 2012

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“…37 The concentration of water was calculated indirectly by mass balance of the binary mixture of the CH 2 or CH 3 groups of ethanol, as described by the massbalance in eq 12.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By comparison, techniques, such as the Karl Fischer titration and gas chromatography (GC) or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), may resolve only one of the two components in binary solutions. 39,40 On the basis of the foregoing discussion of DMSO-d 6 , the sorption isotherms were obtained using the qNMR method with DMSO-d 6 as the field locking solvent. The corresponding qNMR results using D 2 O as the solvent system are provided in the Supporting Information (cf.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of the Fractionation of Water–Ethanol Mixtures with Cellulose and Its Cross-Linked Biopolymer Forms

Dehabadi

Wilson

2015

Energy Fuels

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Cellulose (CE) was cross-linked with epichlorohydrin (EPI) at variable compositions, and the fractionation properties were investigated in binary water−ethanol (W−E) solutions, including the pure solvent systems. The relative uptake of each solvent was measured using quantitative 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy. This study highlights the utility of qNMR as a rapid screening method for estimation of solvent selective fractionation in binary mixtures. The uptake properties of CE−EPI cross-linked polymers with ethanol and water were well-described using the Sips isotherm model. Modeling shows that the monolayer surface coverage (Q m ) of ethanol and water onto the polymer materials covers a range (1.13−2.44 g/g) of values with heterogeneous adsorption behavior, in agreement with the Sips exponential fitting parameter (n s ≠ 1). The CE−EPI adsorbents display unique fractionation with water and ethanol from binary solutions, as evidenced by the relative selectivity (R selectivity ) value in binary W−E solvent systems. The R selectivity [Q m (W)/Q m (E)] values at saturative conditions varied (from 1.10 to 2.03) and further illustrate that CE materials display molecular selective solvent fractionation in binary W−E solutions. This study provides a greater molecular level understanding for the adsorptive uptake properties of CE that are relevant to developing CE-based adsorbent technology for the fractionation of biofuels and related chemical separations.

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“…Thin stillage (TS) remaining after bioethanol production was obtained from PoundMaker Agventures Ltd. (Lanigan, SK, Canada). Organic components of four batches of TS produced by this company were analyzed by 1 H NMR and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), showing dextrin (8.47 to 11.65 g/liter), maltotriose (0.14 to 1.10 g/liter), maltose monohydrate (0.03 to 1.05 g/liter), glycerol (2.39 to 7.87 g/liter), ethanol (0.23 to 1.31 g/liter), lactic acid (5.07 to 7.41 g/liter), and acetic acid (0.56 to 1.14 g/liter) as major components (12). After centrifugation (6,084 ϫ g, 20 min, 15°C) by a Sorvall RC-5C centrifuge (Du Pont Instruments, Hoffman Estates, IL, USA), solid matter was removed from the TS, and the resultant liquid part (liquid stillage [LS]) was sterilized at 121°C for 20 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Engineering of a Glycerol-Oxidative Pathway in Lactobacillus panis PM1 for Utilization of Bioethanol Thin Stillage: Potential To Produce Platform Chemicals from Glycerol

Kang

Korber

Tanaka

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Lactobacillus panis PM1 has the ability to produce 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) from thin stillage (TS), which is the major waste material after bioethanol production, and is therefore of significance. However, the fact that L. panis PM1 cannot use glycerol as a sole carbon source presents a considerable problem in terms of utilization of this strain in a wide range of industrial applications. Accordingly, L. panis PM1 was genetically engineered to directly utilize TS as a fermentable substrate for the production of valuable platform chemicals without the need for exogenous nutrient supplementation (e.g., sugars and nitrogen sources). An artificial glycerol-oxidative pathway, comprised of glycerol facilitator, glycerol kinase, glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, triosephosphate isomerase, and NADPH-dependent aldehyde reductase genes of Escherichia coli, was introduced into L. panis PM1 in order to directly utilize glycerol for the production of energy for growth and value-added chemicals. A pH 6.5 culture converted glycerol to mainly lactic acid (85.43 mM), whereas a significant amount of 1,3-propanediol (59.96 mM) was formed at pH 7.5. Regardless of the pH, ethanol (82.16 to 83.22 mM) was produced from TS fermentations, confirming that the artificial pathway metabolized glycerol for energy production and converted it into lactic acid or 1,3-PDO and ethanol in a pH-dependent manner. This study demonstrates the cost-effective conversion of TS to value-added chemicals by the engineered PM1 strain cultured under industrial conditions. Thus, application of this strain or these research findings can contribute to reduced costs of bioethanol production.T hin stillage (TS) is a major fermentation residue from the dry-grind process of bioethanol production. Its downstream treatment, including making a condensed form for animal feed, is an energy-and cost-intensive process (1), while its utilization as animal feed is hardly a high-value application of this industrial by-product and hence does not significantly reduce the cost of ethanol production. TS contains a variety of complex nutrients, including various carbohydrates, minerals, and amino acids. Glycerol (up to 2%) is generated in TS during bioethanol production regardless of feedstock (i.e., sugar cane or corn) (2). Glycerol is at a higher reduced state than carbohydrates (i.e., fermentable sugars). The reduced nature of glycerol allows synthesis of fuels and other reduced chemicals at higher yields with minimal by-products compared to common sugars (e.g., glucose and xylose); however, the high degree of reduction in glycerol makes it difficult for microorganisms to utilize under anaerobic conditions. A few bacteria, including Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Clostridium, have been exploited to bioconvert glycerol to industrially relevant chemicals (e.g., 1,3-propanediol [1,3-PDO], 3-hydroxypropionic acid, butanol, and ethanol) (3-7). Since these organisms are classified as opportunistic pathogens, industrial applications of these strains may pose issues, particularly re...

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Rapid NMR Method for the Quantification of Organic Compounds in Thin Stillage

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Biorefinery process for protein extraction from oriental mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) using ethanol stillage

Biorefinery process for protein extraction from oriental mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) using ethanol stillage

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of the Fractionation of Water–Ethanol Mixtures with Cellulose and Its Cross-Linked Biopolymer Forms

Metabolic Engineering of a Glycerol-Oxidative Pathway in Lactobacillus panis PM1 for Utilization of Bioethanol Thin Stillage: Potential To Produce Platform Chemicals from Glycerol

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