Rapid microwave promoted heterocyclization of primary amines with triethyl orthoformate and sodium azide using zinc sulfide nanoparticles as recyclable catalyst

Abstract

Microwave assisted synthesis of 1-substituted-1H-tetrazoles was developed using zinc sulfide nanoparticles as heterogeneous catalyst under solvent free conditions. The tetrazole derivatives were easily prepared through hterocyclization of primary amines with triethyl orthoformate and sodium azide in the presence of ZnS NPs. The experimental results were shown that a series of 1-substituted tetrazoles were synthesized under microwave irradiation by ZnS NPs as an effective and reusable heterogeneous catalyst in excellent yields. This protocol has advantages rather than other reported methods such as non-acidic catalyst, solvent free conditions and greener process as well as a solid recyclable catalyst. The catalyst was recovered and reused for several cycles with consistent activity.

ZnS Nanoparticles‐decorated Composite Graphene Paper: A Novel Flexible Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of Dopamine

“…The crystalline nature of ZnS powder, GPE, and CGPE were investigated through XRD (Figure 4.a). The CGPE showed diffraction peaks at 28.8°, 48.7°, and 57.0° that were specific to (111), (220) and (311) planes of ZnS (JCPDS No: 80‐0020) [47, 48]. The peak at about 25.4°, corresponding to the characteristic crystal diffraction of the graphene structure (002) [49, 50] was observed in the XRD spectrum of both GPE and CGPE, indicating that the composite paper has been successfully prepared.…”

Pd(0)‐guanidine@MCM‐41: a very effective catalyst for rapid production of bis (pyrazolyl)methanes

“…For reasons of economy and pollution prevention, solvent‐free methods are used to modernize classical procedures by making them cleaner, safer and easier to perform . The demand for both clean and efficient chemical syntheses is becoming more urgent . Among the proposed solutions, solvent‐free conditions are becoming more popular, and it is often claimed that the best solvent is no solvent .…”

“…[45][46][47] The demand for both clean and efficient chemical syntheses is becoming more urgent. [48] Among the proposed solutions, solvent-free conditions are becoming more popular, and it is often claimed that the best solvent is no solvent. [49] The benefits of solvent-free processes are cost savings, decreased energy consumption, reduced reaction times, a large reduction in reactor size and capital investment.…”

ɤ-Radiation-induced N-phenylation of aniline using chlorobenzene: a novel route for diphenylamine formation

“…Aryl-nitrogen bonds characterize many compounds that have widespread applications ). Therefore, development of new methods for such bond formation received considerable attention (Dawei, Qian, & Zhang, 2003;Gujadhur, 2003;a Gujadhur, Bates, & Venkataraman, 2001; Naeimi, Kiani, & Moradian, 2018;Purkait, Kervefors, Linde, & Olofsson, 2018;Stytsenko, Hyu, & Vinokurov, 2007). While several conventional methods exist for the formation of secondary amines (Sami et al, 2017), there are few studies on the photo-and radiationinduced formation of this category of compounds (Knight, 1972).…”