Rapid Loss of Radiation Belt Relativistic Electrons by EMIC Waves

Su, Zhenpeng; Gao, Zhonglei; Zheng, Huinan; Wang, Yuming; Wang, Shui; Spence, Harlan E.; Reeves, G. D.; Baker, D. N.; Wygant, J. R.

doi:10.1002/2017ja024169

Cited by 42 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…Second is the small scale of the EMIC wave when it is propagating into the lowaltitude ionosphere. Recently, Zhenpeng et al (2017) shows that the EMIC waves were located within a very narrow local time interval of 0.48 MLT (~7.2°). If these small-scale waves propagate into the ionosphere, its longitudinal size can be decreased less than 1.5°.…”

Section: Comparing With Swarm Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Characteristics of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves Deduced From Swarm Satellites

et al. 2018

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It is well known that electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves play an important role in controlling particle dynamics inside the Earth's magnetosphere, especially in the outer radiation belt. In order to understand the results of wave‐particle interactions due to EMIC waves, it is important to know how the waves are distributed and what features they have. In this paper, we present some statistical analyses on the spatial distribution of EMIC waves in the low Earth orbit by using Swarm satellites from December 2013 to June 2017 (~3.5 years) as a function of magnetic local time, magnetic latitude, and magnetic longitude. We also study the wave characteristics such as ellipticity, wave normal angle, peak frequency, and wave power using our automatic wave detection algorithm based on the method of Bortnik et al. (2007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JA011900). We also investigate the geomagnetic control of the EMIC waves by comparing with geomagnetic activity represented by Kp and Dst indices. We find that EMIC waves are detected with a peak occurrence rate at midlatitude including subauroral region, dawn sector (3–7 magnetic local time), and linear polarization dominated with an oblique propagating direction to the background magnetic field. In addition, our result shows that the waves have some relation with geomagnetic activity; that is, they occur preferably during the geomagnetic storm's late recovery phase at low Earth orbit.

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Section: Comparing With Swarm Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Characteristics of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves Deduced From Swarm Satellites

et al. 2018

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“…However, the time‐averaged data may have underestimated significantly the instantaneous wave amplitudes (Tsurutani et al, ). In fact, there have been many reports of large‐amplitude wave bursts in the inner magnetosphere: electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves (Bräysy et al, ; Erlandson & Ukhorskiy, ; Meredith et al, ; Su et al, , ), chorus waves (e.g., Cattell et al, ; Cully, Bonnell, Ergun, et al, ; Santolík et al, ), magnetosonic waves (Tsurutani et al, ), and whistlers associated with transmitter or lightening (Breneman et al, ). These large‐amplitude waves are able to nonlinearly scatter magnetospheric particles (Albert & Bortnik, ; Bortnik, Thorne, Inan, ; Omura et al, ; Omura & Zhao, ; Su et al, ; Summers & Omura, ; Wang et al, ; Zhu et al, ), deviating significantly from the quasi‐linear prediction (Liu et al, ; Su et al, , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐Amplitude Extremely Low Frequency Hiss Waves in Plasmaspheric Plumes

Liu

Zheng

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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121

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Whistler‐mode extremely low frequency hiss emissions commonly exist in the plasmasphere and the plasmaspheric plume and contribute to the precipitation loss of the radiation belt electrons. How these hiss waves are generated remains a critical unanswered question. Here we report the large‐amplitude (up to 1.5 nT) hiss waves in the plasmaspheric plumes, nearly an order of magnitude stronger than previous observations. These waves are found to propagate toward higher latitudes, and the corresponding frequency dependence of wave power can be qualitatively (but not quantitatively) explained by the modeled linear instability of hot electrons near the equator. At the high‐frequency end of hiss spectra, the discrete rising tones are shown to emerge, similar to the situation of whistler‐mode chorus in the plasmatrough. These data and modeling suggest that these large‐amplitude hiss waves were generated within the plasmaspheric plume probably through a combination of linear and nonlinear instabilities of hot electrons.

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“…The low-altitude structures can be attributed to solar proton events between 1 and 100 MeV in energy (e.g., Clilverd et al, 2005;Reagan & Watt, 1976) or energetic electron precipitation from the magnetosphere (e.g., Beharrell et al, 2015;McGranaghan, Knipp, Matsuo, et al, 2015;Oyama et al, 2017;Sivadas et al, 2017). There have been extensive reports that the Geophysical Research Letters 10.1029/2018GL078828 energetic electrons in the ring current/radiation belts and plasma sheet can precipitate into the ionosphere through various mechanisms (e.g., Fu et al, 2011;Horne et al, 2003;Jordanova et al, 2008;Li et al, 2017Li et al, , 2013Newell et al, 2009;Ni et al, 2008;Su et al, 2017;Thorne et al, 2010). Identifying the location of the sources in the magnetosphere and the acceleration mechanisms to produce high-energy precipitating electrons is among the important unsolved topics in the magnetosphere-ionosphere (MI) coupled system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Consistent Modeling of Electron Precipitation and Responses in the Ionosphere: Application to Low‐Altitude Energization During Substorms

Jordanova

McGranaghan

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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We report a new modeling capability that self‐consistently couples physics‐based magnetospheric electron precipitation with its impact on the ionosphere. Specifically, the ring current model RAM‐SCBE is two‐way coupled to an ionospheric electron transport model GLOW (GLobal airglOW), representing a significant improvement over previous models, in which the ionosphere is either treated as a 2‐D spherical boundary of the magnetosphere or is driven by empirical precipitation models that are incapable of capturing small‐scale, transient variations. The new model enables us to study the impact of substorm‐associated, spectrum‐resolved electron precipitation on the 3‐D ionosphere. We found that after each substorm injection, a high‐energy tail of precipitation is produced in the dawn sector outside the plasmapause, by energetic electrons (10 < E < 100 keV) scattered by whistler‐mode chorus waves. Consequently, an ionospheric sublayer characterized by enhanced Pedersen conductivity arises at unusually low altitude (∼85 km), with its latitudinal width of ∼5–10° in the auroral zone. The sublayer structure appears intermittently, in correlation with recurrent substorm injections. It propagates eastward from the nightside to the dayside in the same drift direction of source electrons injected from the plasma sheet, resulting in global impact within the ionosphere. This study demonstrates the model's capability of revealing complex cross‐scale interactions in the geospace environment.

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Rapid Loss of Radiation Belt Relativistic Electrons by EMIC Waves

Cited by 42 publications

References 95 publications

Global Characteristics of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves Deduced From Swarm Satellites

Global Characteristics of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves Deduced From Swarm Satellites

Large‐Amplitude Extremely Low Frequency Hiss Waves in Plasmaspheric Plumes

Self‐Consistent Modeling of Electron Precipitation and Responses in the Ionosphere: Application to Low‐Altitude Energization During Substorms

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