Rapid Lithiation and Delithiation Property of V-Doped Li₂ZnTi₃O₈ as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery

Abstract

Li 2−x V x ZnTi 3 O 8 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15) anode (negative electrode) materials were successfully synthesized by a facile solid-state reaction method, and the structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties of the Li 2−x V x ZnTi 3 O 8 materials were investigated. Li 2−x V x ZnTi 3 O 8 (x = 0 and 0.05) samples show the pure phase structure with P4 3 32 space group, but several rutile TiO 2 peaks are founded in Li 2−x V x ZnTi 3 O 8 (x ≥ 0.1). V-doping does not change the electrochemical reaction mechanism and destroy the structure of Li 2 ZnTi 3 O 8 . All samples show a size distribution under 1 μm, but the V-doped powders show a narrower particle size distribution and less agglomeration than those of pristine Li 2 ZnTi 3 O 8 . Electrochemical kinetics results reveal that the V-doped Li 2 ZnTi 3 O 8 samples display higher reversibility, larger lithium diffusion coefficients and lower charge-transfer resistances than those of pristine Li 2 ZnTi 3 O 8 . Galvanostatic electrochemical tests show that the Li 1.95 V 0.05 ZnTi 3 O 8 /Li half cell delivers the highest lithiation capacities at various rates (213.3, 171.2, 132.5, and 84.7 mA h g −1 at 0.2, 1, 2, and 5 C rates, respectively), whereas the Li 2 ZnTi 3 O 8 /Li half cell delivers much less lithiation capacities at all rates (184.5, 129.5, 107.3, and 24 mA h g −1 at 0.2, 1, 2, and 5 C rates, respectively). The simple preparation process, low preparation cost, excellent cycling stability, and wide voltage range give the Li 1.95 V 0.05 ZnTi 3 O 8 potential for commercial application in the future.

La2O3-coated Li2ZnTi3O8@C as a high performance anode for lithium-ion batteries

“…Many methods have been adopted to solve the problem, such as synthesizing nano-sized LZTO, 20,21 coating conductive agents 22,23 and doping with metal ions. [24][25][26][27] The rate capability of LZTO has been improved via the three ways above. Moreover, LZTO has good cyclic performance as a zero-strain material theoretically.…”

Li2ZnTi3O8/graphene nanocomposite as a high-performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries

“…Fig. 5a exhibits the initial charge-discharge curves of LZTO and LZTO/G at 1 A g À1 in the range of 0.02-3.0 V. For each sample, a charge plateau (1.48 V) and a corresponding discharge plateau (0.37 V) are observed, which indicate the typical electrochemical reaction of LZTO; [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] this is further conrmed by the results of the CV technique ( Fig. S7 and Table S4 †).…”

“…Spinel Li 2 ZnTi 3 O 8 (LZTO) is highly competitive as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its environmentfriendly raw materials, good safety and simple synthetic process. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The insertion/deinsertion reaction for Li + ions in LZTO can be expressed as follows:…”

K-doped Li2ZnTi3O8/C as an efficient anode material with high performance for Li-ion batteries

“…11,26–28 The ions currently used for doping lithium zinc titanate mainly include Na + , 29 Ag + , 30 Al 3+ , 31 Ce 4+ , 10 and V 5+ . 32…”