Rapid growth over 50 mm/day of water-soluble KDP crystal

Nakatsuka, Masahiro; Fujioka, Kana; Kanabe, T.; Fujita, Hisanori

doi:10.1016/s0022-0248(96)00675-6

Cited by 64 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Similar observations are reported for low molecular weight compounds undergoing crystallization from solutions. 129 The temperature limit of a stable supersaturation of a solution becomes significantly low if the solution is superheated before it is cooled to temperatures below the saturation temperature. This observation is explained in terms of clusters existing in the solution.…”

Section: Melt Structures Viewed By Magnetic Alignmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effect of Magnetic Fields on Polymeric Materials and Its Application

Kimura

2003

Polym J

234

206

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ABSTRACT:This paper reviews our recent work on the use of magnetic fields to the polymer processing. Polymers considered in this paper are not peculiar ones synthesized specially for the purpose of magnetic processing, but they are very usual ones including poly(ethylene terephthalate), polypropylene, etc. In this paper, two main magnetic effects on polymers are considered, i.e., alignment and levitation. In the first part, the magnetic torque causing the alignment is described. Then, examples of alignment in polymeric systems are presented, starting from simple cases such as magnetic alignment of fibers in a suspension to more complicated cases such as magnetic alignment of crystalline polymers in which mesophase formations and memory effects are involved. In the second part, the magnetic force acting on diamagnetic materials and its application to separation and processing of polymeric materials is described.KEY WORDS Diamagnetism / Magnetic Alignment / Magnetic Levitation / Phase Transition / Crystalline Polymers / Polymer Processing / Fiber / Magnetic effects on diamagnetic materials have been known since the age of Faraday, but it is very recent that the attention has been paid to the use of these effects to the processing of diamagnetic materials including inorganic, organic, and polymeric materials. This trend is partially due to the development of superconducting technology 1 that enables us to use high magnetic fields (10 T or more) in the study of materials science at individual laboratory level. Cryogen free (liquid-helium free) superconducting magnets, mostly manufactured by Japanese companies, are now on the market, with various types including a large bore type (45 cm at 3.5 T), a rotate bore type, a split type, a low fringe field type, a high field type (15 T, 52 mm in diameter), etc. These magnets are used in academia as well as industries for the processing purposes.High magnetic fields provided by these superconducting magnets have made it possible to visualize the magnetic effects on "non-magnetic" materials such as diamagnetic materials. Because the diamagnetism is very small compared to the ferromagnetism, we hardly experience in daily life the effects of magnetic field on plastics, water, and living bodies, etc. Some means must be devised to visualize these effects. A straightforward way is to use high magnetic fields. If we use a superconducting magnet of 10 T instead of an electromagnet generating 1 T, a small change of 1 mm is magnified to 10 cm and a phenomenon that takes a day to occur is completed in 15 min, because the magnetic effect is proportional to the square of the magnetic flux density. Diamagnetic levitation 2-4 and Moses effect 5 (water surface splits in a high magnetic field) are good examples among many others. [6][7][8][9] The magnetic effect on chemical reactions 10-12 is one of the major fields in magnetic researches, but in this paper we are concerned with the magnetic force and the magnetic torque acting on diamagnetic materials. The origin of the diamagnetism is the ...

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Section: Melt Structures Viewed By Magnetic Alignmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effect of Magnetic Fields on Polymeric Materials and Its Application

Kimura

2003

Polym J

234

206

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“…The prepared saturation solution at the temperature 40 0 C was filtered to remove the extraneous solid and colloidal particles. Then at the temperature of 50 0 C the solution was overheated for 24hrs, to make the solution stable against spontaneous nucleation under a high super saturation [10]. …”

Section: Experimental Crystal Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Praseodymium doped KDP Single Crystal Grown by Different Techniques and its Optical, SHG and Dielectric Studies : A New NLO Crystal

2018

IJCTR

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: Praseodymium doped Potassium dihydrogen Orthophosphate (KDP) single crystals were grown using different techniques -SR method, Seed Rotation and Slow Evaporation. The single crystal grown by SR method on unidirectional {101} pyramidal face was around 150 mm in length and 16 mm in diameter. Kurtz powder technique is used to determine the SHG efficiency. It is observed that relative SHG conversion efficiency of crystal grown by SR method is greater compared to other techniques. Optical transmission spectra was recorded in the wavelength region 200 to 1100nm for the grown crystals using Perkin-Elmer Lambda 35 UV-Vis spectrophotometer. It is found that percentage transmission of crystal grown by SR method is more as compared to other techniques. The electronic band transitions was studied from the plot of photon energy (hν) versus (αhν) 2 and the value of band gap energy (E g ) has been calculated. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss and a conductivity of the grown crystals were studied as a function of frequency and the results are discussed. The addition of Praseodymium improves the quality and transparency of crystals, which shows the suitability of the grown NLO material for optical applications.

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“…After filtration the solutions were overheated at 80ºC for 24h. This duration of overheating was found to be effective to destroy the molecule clusters existing in the solution and to make the solution stable against spontaneous nucleation under a high supersaturation [4,5]. To avoid opening the crystallizer, a specially designed protector was used to prevent the seeds from dissolving when the solution was overheated.…”

Section: Stability Of Supersaturated Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on rapid growth of highly‐deuterated DKDP crystals

Wang¹,

Gao

et al. 2003

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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Highly-deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate (DKDP) crystals were grown rapidly from point seeds under high supersaturation in a temperature range of 40-60 o C. The growth rate was about 1-2 order of magnitude higher than that of the traditional temperature reduction method. It was found that highly pure raw materials, overheating at high temperature, ultrafine filtration and supersaturation stability were needed to keep the solution from spontaneous nucleation at high overcooling. The effect of growth conditions on pyramid faces was different from that of prismatic faces. The tetragonal to monoclinic phase solubility transition scarcely occurred in our experiments even though the overcooling of monoclinic phase was as high as 10 o C in some cases.

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Rapid growth over 50 mm/day of water-soluble KDP crystal

Cited by 64 publications

References 6 publications

Study on the Effect of Magnetic Fields on Polymeric Materials and Its Application

Study on the Effect of Magnetic Fields on Polymeric Materials and Its Application

Praseodymium doped KDP Single Crystal Grown by Different Techniques and its Optical, SHG and Dielectric Studies : A New NLO Crystal

Study on rapid growth of highly‐deuterated DKDP crystals

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