Rapid green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using<em> Dendropanax morbifera</em> leaf extract and their anticancer activities

Abstract

Dendropanax morbifera Léveille is an oriental medicinal plant that is traditionally used in folk medicine and grows in a specific region of South Korea. We aimed to enhance the utilization of D. morbifera medicinal plants for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). D. morbifera leaf extract acted as both a reducing and a stabilizing agent that rapidly synthesized Dendropanax AgNPs (D-AgNPs) and Dendropanax AuNPs (D-AuNPs). The D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, elemental mapping, field emission transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering. The characterizations revealed that the D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs were in polygon and hexagon shapes with average sizes of 100–150 nm and 10–20 nm, respectively. The important outcomes were the synthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs within 1 hour and 3 minutes, respectively, avoiding the subsequent processing for removal of any toxic components or for stabilizing the nanoparticles. Additionally, D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs were examined for cytotoxicity in a human keratinocyte cell line and in A549 human lung cancer cell line. The results indicated that D-AgNPs exhibited less cytotoxicity in the human keratinocyte cell line at 100 µg/mL after 48 hours. On the other hand, D-AgNPs showed potent cytotoxicity in the lung cancer cells at the same concentration after 48 hours, whereas D-AuNPs did not exhibit cytotoxicity in both cell lines at the same concentration. However, both D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs at 50 µg/mL enhanced the cytotoxicity of ginsenoside compound K at 25 µM after 48 hours of treatment compared with CK alone. We believe that this rapid green synthesis of D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs is a valuable addition to the applications of D. morbifera medicinal plant. D-AuNPs can be used as carriers for drug delivery and in cancer therapy due to their lack of normal cell cytotoxicity.

Pleurotus sajor-caju-Mediated Synthesis of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles Active against Colon Cancer Cell Lines: A New Era of Herbonanoceutics

“…The changes in color and appearance of the peak were due to the excitation of the SPR of Ag NPs and Au NPs. This particular analysis was confirmed and justified when a similar type of absorption spectrum was observed, which is obtained from the aqueous leaf extract of Dendropanax morbifera [18]. In another study, Mourato et al [19] reported UV-Vis spectra of biosynthesized Ag NPs and Au NPs are 550 nm 420 nm, which is close to our finding.…”

<p>Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from <em>Melia azedarach</em>: Enhancement of Antibacterial, Wound Healing, Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities</p>

“…In our experiments, synthesis of MA-AgNPs was carried out at RT thus saving energy. AgNP formation has been reported at ambient13 as well as at high temperatures 12. As most of our experiments on MA-AgNPs activities were carried out within a week of their synthesis, we evaluated the stability up to nine days.…”

Arming Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Against Cancer: Has the Time Come?

“…In this study, MSCs showed both concentration-and time-dependent absorption of NPs, with scarce impact on key MSC features and a dose-dependent cytotoxicity in lung and ovarian cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo (Sadhukha et al, 2014). In other studies, PLGA-PTX-or PLGA-DOX-loaded MSCs were found in different cancer types, like prostate, lung and glioma (Pacioni et al, 2015;Levy et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2016). In an orthotopic lung tumor model, Layek et al demonstrated that MSCs carrying PTX-loaded NPs homed to cancer tissues and created cellular drug storage that released the drug over the time.…”