Rapid GC–MS confirmation of amphetamines in urine by extractive acylation

Marais, Adriaan A. S.; Laurens, Johannes B.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.10.021

Cited by 48 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Amphetamines are generally assessed by urine analysis. Many methods have been reported to assess amphetamines compounds in human urine samples using gas chromatography (GC) [3], high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [4,5], GC/mass spectrometry (MS) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12], HPLC-MS [13,14], capillary electrophoresis (CE) [15], and CE-MS [16]. GC and GC-MS methods are often preferred for quantitative determination of ecstasy and amphetamines compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-phase extraction followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the sensitive determination of ecstasy compounds and amphetamines in biological samples

Mashayekhi¹,

Rezaee²,

Khalilian³

2014

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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ABSTRACT. A novel approach for the determination of ecstasy and amphetamines (3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) and 3,4-methylenedioxypropylamphetamine (MDPA)) in biological samples is presented. The analytes were extracted from the matrix and transferred to a small volume of a high density, water insoluble solvent using solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). This combination not only resulted in a high enrichment factor, but also it could be used in complex matrices (biological samples). Some important extraction parameters, such as sample solution flow rate, sample pH, type and volume of extraction and disperser solvents as well as the salt addition, were studied and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration graphs were linear in the range of 0.5-500 µg L -1 and 1.0-500 µg L -1 with detection limits in the range of 0.1-0.3 µg L -1 and 0.2-0.7 µg L -1 in urine and plasma samples, respectively. The results showed that SPE-DLLME is a suitable method for the determination of ecstasy components and amphetamines in biological and water samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-phase extraction followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the sensitive determination of ecstasy compounds and amphetamines in biological samples

Mashayekhi¹,

Rezaee²,

Khalilian³

2014

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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“…Various techniques are currently employed for the analysis of amphetamines, including HPLC [6], GC [7,8], and CE [9][10][11][12]. HPLC is typically used for quantification, and GC-MS is considered the method of choice for a confirmation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of amphetamine‐type substances by capillary zone electrophoresis using capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection

et al. 2010

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CE with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C(4)D) was employed for the separation and detection of seven amphetamine analogues as well as amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. The separation electrolyte was 30 mM hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPbetaCD) in a 75 mM acetic acid+25 mM sodium acetate buffer adjusted to pH 4.55. Conductivity detection was compared with UV detection using this same electrolyte. Average detection limits for C(4)D and UV were 1.3 and 1.0 ppm, respectively. The effects of HPbetaCD concentration and BGE composition on the selectivity of the separation were also investigated. An illicit, street-grade sample of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy) and a prescription dextroamphetamine tablet were also analysed.

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“…Marais y Laurens. [2] desarrollaron un método analítico para el análisis rápido de orina en el cual se aprovecha la técnica de derivación extractiva para realizar en un solo paso la derivación de aminas con anhídrido heptafluorobutírico. La combinación de este método de derivación con el uso de la cromatografía rápida (columna DB-5 de 5 m × 100 µm, d f 0,1 µm) permitió lograr un tiempo total de análisis de solamente 6 minutos por muestra.…”

Section: Análisis Gc-ms Unidimensionalunclassified

GC-MS: herramienta fundamental para el análisis de drogas de uso ilícito

Stashenko¹,

Martı́nez²

2012

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ResumoLa determinación cromatográfica de drogas de uso ilícito presenta retos importantes en varias etapas de la cadena analítica debido a la volatilidad relativamente baja de los analitos, a la diversidad grande de los posibles contaminantes y a las concentraciones bajas en las que se encuentran algunas sustancias de interés. La preparación de la muestra, el uso de agentes de derivación, los modos de operación del espectrómetro de masas para la detección y los diversos campos de aplicación del análisis GC-MS de sustancias controladas se discuten en este artículo junto con la presentación de algunos ejemplos recientes de estas aplicaciones. Palavras-chaveCromatografía de gases; cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas; sustancias controladas; drogas. GC-MS: fundamental tool for the analysis of drugs of illicit use AbstractThe chromatographic determination of illicit drugs poses important challenges at various stages along the analytical procedure, due to the low volatility of the analytes, the diversity of potential contaminants, and to the low concentrations of certain substances of interest. Sample preparation, the use of derivatization agents, different operating modes of the mass spectrometer for the detection, and the diverse application fields of the GC-MS analysis of illicit drugs are discussed in this article together with the presentation of some examples of these applications.

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Rapid GC–MS confirmation of amphetamines in urine by extractive acylation

Cited by 48 publications

References 37 publications

Solid-phase extraction followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the sensitive determination of ecstasy compounds and amphetamines in biological samples

Solid-phase extraction followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the sensitive determination of ecstasy compounds and amphetamines in biological samples

Analysis of amphetamine‐type substances by capillary zone electrophoresis using capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection

GC-MS: herramienta fundamental para el análisis de drogas de uso ilícito

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