Rapid Fluorescence Sensor Guided Detection of Urinary Tract Bacterial Infections

Abstract

Introduction Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most serious human bacterial infections affecting millions of people every year. Therefore, simple and reliable identification of the urinary tract pathogenic bacteria within a few minutes would be of great significance for diagnosis and treatment of clinical patients with UTIs. In this study, the fluorescence sensor was reported to guide the detection of urinary tract bacterial infections rapidly. Methods The Ami-AuNPs-DNAs sensor was fabricated by the amino-modified Au nanoparticles (Ami-AuNPs) and six DNAs signal molecules, which bound to the urinary tract pathogenic bacteria and generated corresponding response signals. Further, based on the collected response signals, identification was performed by principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The Ami-AuNPs and Ami-AuNPs-DNAs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, UV−vis absorption spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, dynamic light scattering and zeta potentials. Thereafter, the Ami-AuNPs-DNAs sensor was used to discriminate and identify five kinds of urinary tract pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the quantitative analysis performance towards individual bacteria at different concentrations were also evaluated. Results The Ami-AuNPs-DNAs sensor were synthesized successfully in terms of spherical, well-dispersed and uniform in size, which could well discriminate five main urinary tract pathogenic bacteria with unique fingerprint-like patterns and was sufficiently sensitive to determine individual bacteria with a detection limit to 1×10 7 cfu/mL. Furthermore, the sensor had also been successfully applied to identify bacteria in urine samples collected from clinical UTIs. Conclusion The developed fluorescence sensor could be applied to rapid and accurate discrimination of urinary tract pathogenic bacteria and holds great promise for the diagnosis of the disease caused by bacterial infection.

Applications of nanomaterials as treatments and diagnostic biosensors in microbial infections

“…A photoluminescence‐based biosensor using ZnONPs diagnoses P. aeruginosa by AHLs, a signaling molecule secreted by itself, and has high sensitivity even in the presence of interferences 188 . Unlike the diagnosis of a single pathogen described above, a novel sensor consisting of amino‐modified AuNPs and six DNAs signal molecules achieved rapid and accurate identification of five major urinary tract pathogens 189 …”

“…Chitosan-g-PMDA-CYS conjugated to AuNPs Controlled drug release, reduced drug resistance [186] Diagnosis / E. coli PAC-polyaniline NCs Sensitive, reproducible, stable and specific detection [187] / P. aeruginosa ZnO-Cys Detect P. aeruginosa by AHLs, have high sensitivity [188] / / AuNPs Rapid and accurate identification [189] Gastrointestinal infections…”

“…188 Unlike the diagnosis of a single pathogen described above, a novel sensor consisting of amino-modified AuNPs and six DNAs signal molecules achieved rapid and accurate identification of five major urinary tract pathogens. 189…”

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A Dual Fluorescence Turn‐On Sensor Array Formed by Poly(para‐aryleneethynylene) and Aggregation‐Induced Emission Fluorophores for Sensitive Multiplexed Bacterial Recognition

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