Rapid early development and feeding benefits an invasive population of lake trout

Simard, Lee G.; Marsden, J. Ellen; Gresswell, Robert E.; Euclide, Megan

doi:10.1139/cjfas-2019-0122

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Lake Trout in Yellowstone Lake spawn earlier than other invasive (Dux et al 2011;Siemiantkowski et al 2022) and native (Marsden et al 2005) populations at similar latitudes, and water temperatures at most known Yellowstone Lake spawning areas could facilitate hatching (Koel et al 2020a), emergence, and potentially dispersal months earlier than these events would occur within the native range of the species (Krueger and Ihssen 1995;Ladago et al 2016). Yellowstone Lake fry contained more food, dispersed later, and achieved a greater maximum length before dispersal than did fry in Lake Champlain, Vermont, within the Lake Trout's native range (Simard et al 2020). Dispersal from the Carrington Island spawning reef before mid-summer in any year was therefore unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Aerial Application of Organic Pellets Eliminates Lake Trout Recruitment from a Primary Spawning Reef in Yellowstone Lake

Koel

Doepke

MacDonald

et al. 2023

N American J Fish Manag

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Invasive Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush in the Yellowstone Lake ecosystem have been gillnetted since 1995 to suppress the population and allow for recovery of native Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri. Although gillnetting is effective (Lake Trout population growth rate λ ≤ 0.6 during 2012-2022), the effort only targets free-swimming, age-2 and older Lake Trout. We developed a complementary suppression method using organic (soy and wheat) pellets to cause Lake Trout embryo mortality and reduce recruitment from spawning areas. The entire Carrington Island spawning reef (0.5 ha) was aerially treated with 3.56 and 3.00 kg/m 2 of pellets in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Pellet decomposition caused dissolved oxygen concentrations to decline to lethal levels at 20 cm depth in the substrate, and pellets mostly dissipated from the reef within 12 d. Lake Trout fry trap CPUE was reduced to zero

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Aerial Application of Organic Pellets Eliminates Lake Trout Recruitment from a Primary Spawning Reef in Yellowstone Lake

Koel

Doepke

MacDonald

et al. 2023

N American J Fish Manag

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“…According to Simard et al. (2020), early life stages of Lake Trout in Yellowstone Lake benefit from the depauperate fish community in the lake, which allows them to more freely take advantage of available food resources in the lake and which presumably leads to better survival than in most other systems in the species’ native range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather, we attribute this increase to an increase in prerecruitment survival-perhaps attributable to a reduction in recruitment compensation caused possibly by factors such as reduction in cannibalism of new recruits by older fish (Syslo et al 2020). According to Simard et al (2020), early life stages of Lake Trout in Yellowstone Lake benefit from the depauperate fish community in the lake, which allows them to more freely take advantage of available food resources in the lake and which presumably leads to better survival than in most other systems in the species' native range.…”

Section: Lake Trout Reproduction In Yellowstone Lakementioning

confidence: 93%

Invasive Lake Trout Reproduction in Yellowstone Lake under an Active Suppression Program

et al. 2021

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In Yellowstone Lake, predation by invasive Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush has caused significant abundance declines in native Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri. Lake Trout suppression has been ongoing since 1995; assessment and simulation modeling are used to measure suppression effectiveness and guide efforts. Lake Trout reproduction demographics are linked to these modeling efforts via quantification of the population stock-recruitment relationship. To improve estimation of this relationship for Lake Trout in Yellowstone Lake, we assessed reproduction demographics by quantifying spawning periodicity, size at maturity, and female fecundity. Histological assessment suggested that females with a gonadosomatic index (GSI) >3.0 and males with a GSI >1.0 were capable of spawning. Approximately 65% of mature females appeared to have spawned on an annual cycle. In 2015, the mean absolute and relative fecundities were 4,612 eggs and 1,535 eggs/kg, respectively; temporal differences in relative fecundity (1996, 2006, 2007, and 2015) were not statistically significant. Lake Trout population fecundity has declined from a peak in 2010 due to reduction in abundance of spawners. The estimated population fecundity of approximately 4.7 million eggs in 2020 represents an 81% decline from the mean estimate of previous samples and an 87% reduction from peak population fecundity. Despite declines in population fecundity, age-2 recruitment has increased in recent years; our results suggest these increases are not related to changes in reproductive demographics, but rather are related to increased prerecruitment survival. Our results provide information for understanding temporal variation in spawning stock biomass of Lake Trout in Yellowstone Lake and the capacity of the population to

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“…Implementation of effective embryo suppression methods would complement traditional gillnetting techniques in an integrated pest management approach and would hasten Lake Trout population decline (Sawyer 1980; Christie and Goddard 2003; Lechelt and Bajer 2016; Brown et al 2017; Thomas et al 2019). Embryo suppression may be particularly important in Yellowstone Lake, where Lake Trout embryo feeding and growth are greater (Simard et al 2020) and prerecruit survival is four to six times higher than those of Lake Trout populations within their native range (Syslo et al 2020). Furthermore, Lake Trout population growth rates are highly sensitive to age‐0 survival rates (Ferreri et al 1995; Syslo et al 2011; Cox et al 2013); hence, successful embryo suppression could have population‐level effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benthic Suffocation of Invasive Lake Trout Embryos by Fish Carcasses and Sedimentation in Yellowstone Lake

Poole

Koel

Thomas

et al. 2020

N American J Fish Manag

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Introduced Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush threaten native Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri in Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park, where gill nets have been used to suppress subadult and adult Lake Trout since 1995. However, survival of embryonic and larval life history stages can have profound effects on the population dynamics of Lake Trout. Inducing additional mortality at those stages, especially if used in concert with intensive gillnetting of older fish, could enhance overall suppression efforts. Therefore, we conducted controlled field experiments at Yellowstone Lake to systematically evaluate the effects of sediment deposition and ground Lake Trout carcass deposition on Lake Trout embryos in pre-positioned incubators. Sediment deposition caused dissolved oxygen concentrations to decline below lethal levels for a prolonged overwinter period (92 d). Embryo mortality among overwintering incubators varied from 97.0 ± 5.3% (mean ± SE) at the substrate surface to 100.0 ± 0.0% at 20 cm below the substrate surface. Decomposition of ground carcass material on spawning sites caused dissolved oxygen concentrations to decline to lethal levels (<3.4 mg/L) for about 9 d after biomass application rates of 14 and 28 kg/m 2 in treatment plots. Exposure to ground carcass material resulted in 100.0 ± 0.0% embryo mortality at the substrate surface and within interstices 20 cm below the surface in 14-and 28-kg/m 2 biomass treatments. Embryo mortality was probably caused by hypoxic conditions within substrates in both experiments. The deposition of sediment and ground Lake Trout carcass material on Lake Trout spawning sites in Yellowstone Lake could provide an additional source of mortality in ongoing Lake Trout suppression efforts. These methods may also be beneficial in other systems when incorporated in an integrated pest management approach targeting multiple life history stages of invasive freshwater fish.

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Rapid early development and feeding benefits an invasive population of lake trout

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Aerial Application of Organic Pellets Eliminates Lake Trout Recruitment from a Primary Spawning Reef in Yellowstone Lake

Aerial Application of Organic Pellets Eliminates Lake Trout Recruitment from a Primary Spawning Reef in Yellowstone Lake

Invasive Lake Trout Reproduction in Yellowstone Lake under an Active Suppression Program

Benthic Suffocation of Invasive Lake Trout Embryos by Fish Carcasses and Sedimentation in Yellowstone Lake

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