Rapid diagnostic HCV antibody assays

Smith, Bryce D.; Jewett, Amy; Drobeniuc, Jan; Kamili, Saleem

doi:10.3851/imp2470

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In 17 studies, the type of specimen tested was serum alone [ 12 , 23 , 24 , 26 – 31 , 33 , 36 , 40 , 44 , 46 – 49 ]. Plasma alone was tested in three studies [ 34 , 50 , 51 ], whole blood alone was tested in 5 studies [ 25 , 32 , 35 , 37 , 45 ], oral fluid alone was tested in one study [ 42 ], oral fluid plus serum was tested in one study [ 43 ], and oral fluid plus whole blood was tested in one study [ 41 ]. The remaining two studies tested other combinations of those specimens [ 38 , 39 ] ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study tested all samples twice [ 28 ]. The results of the index tests were independently read by more than one technician in five studies [ 12 , 29 , 30 , 40 , 41 ]. Eight studies received funding from, or reported another financial relationship with the pharmaceutical industry [ 25 , 28 , 34 , 38 , 42 , 46 , 48 , 49 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eight studies received funding from, or reported another financial relationship with the pharmaceutical industry [ 25 , 28 , 34 , 38 , 42 , 46 , 48 , 49 ]. Nine studies received test kits from manufacturers [ 23 , 29 , 30 , 37 , 40 , 41 , 45 , 51 ], and five studies were funded by non-profit official organizations [ 33 , 36 , 43 , 44 , 50 ]. Seven studies explicitly declared no conflict of interest [ 41 , 43 – 45 , 49 – 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the 1990s, several point-of-care tests have been developed that primarily use serum, plasma, whole blood and oral fluid to test for anti-HCV [ 9 ]. Manufacturers claim that these tests have high clinical and analytical sensitivity, so these tests are used widely in many settings in developing countries, including blood banks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Diagnostic Accuracy of Point-of-Care Tests for Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Khuroo

Khuroo²,

Khuroo³

2015

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundPoint-of-care tests provide a plausible diagnostic strategy for hepatitis C infection in economically impoverished areas. However, their utility depends upon the overall performance of individual tests.MethodsA literature search was conducted using the metasearch engine Mettā, a query interface for retrieving articles from five leading medical databases. Studies were included if they employed point-of-care tests to detect antibodies of hepatitis C virus and compared the results with reference tests. Two reviewers performed a quality assessment of the studies and extracted data for estimating test accuracy.FindingsThirty studies that had evaluated 30 tests fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The overall pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood-ratio, negative likelihood-ratio and diagnostic odds ratio for all tests were 97.4% (95% CI: 95.9–98.4), 99.5% (99.2–99.7), 80.17 (55.35–116.14), 0.03 (0.02–0.04), and 3032.85 (1595.86–5763.78), respectively. This suggested a high pooled accuracy for all studies. We found substantial heterogeneity between studies, but none of the subgroups investigated could account for the heterogeneity. Genotype diversity of HCV had no or minimal influence on test performance. Of the seven tests evaluated in the meta-regression model, OraQuick had the highest test sensitivity and specificity and showed better performance than a third generation enzyme immunoassay in seroconversion panels. The next highest test sensitivities and specificities were from TriDot and SDBioline, followed by Genedia and Chembio. The Spot and Multiplo tests produced poor test sensitivities but high test specificities. Nine of the remaining 23 tests produced poor test sensitivities and specificities and/or showed poor performances in seroconversion panels, while 14 tests had high test performances with diagnostic odds ratios ranging from 590.70 to 28822.20.ConclusionsPerformances varied widely among individual point-of-care tests for diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection. Physicians should consider this while using specific tests in clinical practice.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Diagnostic Accuracy of Point-of-Care Tests for Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Khuroo

Khuroo²,

Khuroo³

2015

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The need for enhancing HCV diagnosis has acutely become more pertinent as a result of the availability of highly effective Direct Acting Antiviral (DAA) treatment [4]. On a worldwide basis, an estimated 80–85% of individuals with chronic infection are unaware of their infection [5, 6], although this figure may be somewhat lower in the UK, and among those with a diagnosis a minority currently receive treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) diagnosis, epidemiology and access to treatment in a UK cohort

Adland

Jesuthasan

Downs

et al. 2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACTBackgroundAs direct acting antiviral (DAA) therapy is progressively rolled out for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, careful scrutiny of HCV epidemiology, diagnostic testing, and access to care is crucial to underpin improvements in delivery of treatment.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of HCV infection in a UK teaching hospital to evaluate the performance of different diagnostic laboratory tests, to describe the population with active HCV infection, and to determine the proportion of these individuals who access clinical care.ResultsOver a total time period of 33 months between 2013 and 2016, we tested 38,510 individuals for HCV infection and confirmed a new diagnosis of active HCV infection (HCV-Ag+ and/or HCV RNA+) in 359 (positive rate 0.9%). Our in-house HCV-Ab test had a positive predictive value of 87% when compared to repeat HCV-Ab testing in a regional reference laboratory, highlighting the potential for false positives to arise based on a single round of antibody-based screening. Of those confirmed Ab-positive, 70% were HCV RNA positive. HCV-Ag screening performed well, with 100% positive predictive value compared to detection of HCV RNA. There was a strong correlation between quantitative HCV-Ag and HCV RNA viral load (p<0.0001). Among the 359 cases of infection, the median age was 37 years, 85% were male, and 36% were in prison. Among 250 infections for which genotype was available, HCV genotype-1 (n=110) and genotype-3 (n=111) accounted for the majority. 117/359 (33%) attended a clinic appointment and 48 (13%) had curative treatment defined as sustained virologic response at 12 weeks (SVR12).ConclusionsHCV-Ab tests should be interpreted with caution as an indicator of population prevalence of HCV infection, both as a result of the detection of individuals who have cleared infection and due to false positive test results. We demonstrate that active HCV infection is over-represented among men and in the prison population. A minority of patients with a diagnosis of HCV infection access clinical care and therapy; enhanced efforts are required to target diagnosis and providing linkage to clinical care within high risk populations.ABBREVIATIONSDAADirect Acting AntiviralELISAEnzyme linked immunosorbent assayHCVHepatitis C VirusHCV-AbIgG antibody to Hepatitis C virusHCV-AgHepatitis C virus core antigenHCV RNAHepatitis C ribonucleic acid (viral load)MSMmen who have sex with menNATnucleic acid testingPCRpolymerase chain reaction (test for viral load)PPVpositive predictive valuePWIDpeople who inject drugsSDGSustainable Development GoalsSVRsustained virologic responseWHOWorld Health Organisation

show abstract

Adenoviruses vectored hepatitis C virus vaccine cocktails induce broadly specific immune responses against multi-genotypic HCV in mice

Luo,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rapid diagnostic HCV antibody assays

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Diagnostic Accuracy of Point-of-Care Tests for Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Diagnostic Accuracy of Point-of-Care Tests for Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) diagnosis, epidemiology and access to treatment in a UK cohort

Adenoviruses vectored hepatitis C virus vaccine cocktails induce broadly specific immune responses against multi-genotypic HCV in mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About