Rapid Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Meningitis

Saha, Samir K.; Darmstadt, Gary L.; Yamanaka, Noboru; Billal, Dewan S.; Nasreen, Tania; Islam, Maksuda; Hamer, Davidson H.

doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000190030.75892.78

Cited by 82 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This indicates that RT-PCR could be used as an adjunct for surveillance for bacterial meningitis in developing countries. Although Brazil is a middle-income country, RT-PCR has been demonstrated to be useful in all types of settings, from low income to highly developed countries [4], [6], [7]. RT-PCR has the added advantage of providing results more rapidly than culture and has also been shown to be an excellent tool for epidemics [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CSF specimens with sufficient volume were tested for the presence of antibiotic [6], [14]. A 5 mm blank filter paper disc was soaked with 15 µL of CSF and placed on Mueller Hinton agar plate with a lawn of the pansensitive bacterium Kocuria rhizophila (ATCC 9341).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem leads to an underestimate of disease burden and assessments of the potential impact of vaccination. Non-culture methods, such as real-time (RT)-PCR, can increase the diagnostic yield for bacterial meningitis in both developed and developing countries [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incorporation of Real-Time PCR into Routine Public Health Surveillance of Culture Negative Bacterial Meningitis in São Paulo, Brazil

Sacchi

Fukasawa²,

Gonçalves³

et al. 2011

PLoS ONE

108

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Real-time (RT)-PCR increases diagnostic yield for bacterial meningitis and is ideal for incorporation into routine surveillance in a developing country. We validated a multiplex RT-PCR assay for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae in Brazil. Risk factors for being culture-negative, RT-PCR positive were determined. The sensitivity of RT-PCR in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was 100% (95% confidence limits, 96.0%–100%) for N. meningitidis, 97.8% (85.5%–99.9%) for S. pneumoniae, and 66.7% (9.4%–99.2%) for H. influenzae. Specificity ranged from 98.9% to 100%. Addition of RT-PCR to routine microbiologic methods increased the yield for detection of S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, and H. influenzae cases by 52%, 85%, and 20%, respectively. The main risk factor for being culture negative and RT-PCR positive was presence of antibiotic in CSF (odds ratio 12.2, 95% CI 5.9-25.0). RT-PCR using CSF was highly sensitive and specific and substantially added to measures of meningitis disease burden when incorporated into routine public health surveillance in Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incorporation of Real-Time PCR into Routine Public Health Surveillance of Culture Negative Bacterial Meningitis in São Paulo, Brazil

Sacchi

Fukasawa²,

Gonçalves³

et al. 2011

PLoS ONE

108

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“…mPCR was performed in single tube at 95°C for 15 min, followed by 35 cycles of 94°C for 30 sec, 60°C for 30 sec and 72°C for 1 min, finally by 72°C for 10 min. The development of RLB hybridization assay was described in previous studies [14]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both RT-PCR and mPCR/RLB assays have been used as excellent tool in epidemiologic studies [14, 15]. The RT-PCR assay has characteristic of high sensitivity in CSF [10]; the mPCR/RLB approach is suited for the batched simultaneous analysis of large numbers of isolates [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of bacteriological culture and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and multiplex PCR-based reverse line blot (mPCR/RLB) hybridization assay in the diagnosis of bacterial neonatal meningitis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundBacterial meningitis is more common in the neonatal period than any other time in life; however, it is still a challenge for the evidence based diagnosis. Strategy for identification of neonatal bacterial meningitis pathogens is presented by evaluating three different available methods to establish evidence-based diagnosis for neonatal bacterial meningitis.MethodsThe cerebrospinal fluid samples from 56 neonates diagnosed as bacterial meningitis in 2009 in Beijing Children’s Hospital were analyzed in the study. Two PCR based molecular assays, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and multiplex PCR based-reverse line blot hybridization (mPCR/RLB), were used to assess 7 common neonatal meningitis bacterial pathongens, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listerisa monocytogenes, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus agalactiae. The findings in examinations of two assays were compared with the results obtained bacterial culture tests.ResultsBacterial meningitis was identified in five cases (9%) by CSF cultures, 25 (45%) by RT-PCR and 16 (29%) by mPCR/RLB. One strain of S. epidermidis and one of E. faecalis were identified using mPCR/RLB but not by RT-PCR. In contrast, cultures identified one strain of S. pneumoniae which was missed by both PCR assays. Overall, the bacterial pathogens in 28 cases were identified with these three methods. Both RT-PCR and mPCR/RLB assays were more sensitive than bacterial culture, (p < 0.05).ConclusionOur study confirmed that both RT-PCR and mPCR/RLB assays have better sensitivity than bacterial culture. They are capable of detecting the pathogens in CSF samples with negative culture results.

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Infections of the central nervous system

Hasbun¹

2022

Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine

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Rapid Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Meningitis

Cited by 82 publications

References 27 publications

Incorporation of Real-Time PCR into Routine Public Health Surveillance of Culture Negative Bacterial Meningitis in São Paulo, Brazil

Incorporation of Real-Time PCR into Routine Public Health Surveillance of Culture Negative Bacterial Meningitis in São Paulo, Brazil

Comparative study of bacteriological culture and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and multiplex PCR-based reverse line blot (mPCR/RLB) hybridization assay in the diagnosis of bacterial neonatal meningitis

Infections of the central nervous system

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