Rapid determination of chlorinated pesticides using CN-bonded cartridges followed by GC-ECD

Investigation on the Behavior of Pesticides in Atmosphere

“…For evaluating the breakthrough volume (Russo et al, 1993), five glass tubes filled with XAD-2 adsorbent (270 mg sampling section and 140 mg backup section) were prepared. After addition of 1.9 μL of dimethoate (5.15 μg/mL in toluene) in the sampling section of each vial, the tubes were sealed and stored overnight at room temperature.…”

“…After NaCl (12 g/L) addition (Russo et al, 1993), the aqueous phase was extracted with methylene chloride (leaves and soil) or diethyl ether (water) (3 × 20 mL) and the organic phase was concentrated (100-200 μL) under nitrogen flow and analyzed by GC-NPD (and by GC-MS for confirmation).…”

Sequential solid-phase extraction with cyanopropyl bonded-phase cartridges for trace enrichment of PCBs and chlorinated pesticides from water samples

“…This amount of water is required to ensure hydration of the cartridge to obtain secure sampling of the pesticides [23] and PCBs. Experiments were performed with distilled water, a commercial sample of mineral water ,Levissima' (pH 6.50 and COD, Kubel method, 0.3 mg L1), and Marta river water, collected near the town of Viterbo (Italy) ~methylene blue anionic surfactants (MBAS) 0.1 mg L-, oxygen consumption during oxidation with KMnO4 (Kubel) 2.0 mglL-1 , biochemical oxygen demand (BODs) 10 mg L-and pH 6.70) spiked with a standard solution of pesticides, PCB congeners or Aroclor 1260.…”

Separation of polychlorinated biphenyls from chlorinated pesticides using aminopropyl bonded-phase cartridge and determination by GC-ECD

“…C/Co x 100 is defined as the concentration of solutes in the effluent divided by the concentration of incoming solutes. The presence of NaC1 in water samples increases adsorption of the PCBs and pesticides examined: in fact it decreases the solubility of these compounds, as pointed out by Russo et al [15]. The breakthrough volumes, extrapolated from the curves, show values in the range 25-35 mL for the pesticides, 70-100 mL for the Cll-PCB and C12-PCB and > 600 mL for the other PCB congeners.…”

“…This amount of water is required to ensure hydration of the cartridge to obtain secure sampling of the pesticides, as proved in reference [15], and PCBs. Experiments were carried out using distilled water and Tiber river water, with methylene blue anionic surfactants (MBAS) = 0.1 mg L -1, oxygen consumption during oxidation with KMnO4 (Ktibel) = 2.2 mg L -1, biochemical oxygen demand (BODs) = 11 mg L -1 and pH 6.70, spiked with known amounts of pesticides, PCB congeners or Aroclor 1232.…”