Rapid determination of aliphatic amines in water samples by pressure‐assisted monolithic octadecylsilica capillary electrochromatography‐mass spectrometry

Abstract

A pressure-assisted capillary chromatography-mass spectrometry method based on the use of a monolithic octadecylsilica (ODS) capillary is proposed for the determination of aliphatic amines. A 25 mM citric acid buffer containing 10% methanol is used as running electrolyte. Separation is achieved by simultaneously applying a capillary electrophoresis (CE) voltage of 13 kV and an overimposed pressure of 8 bar. The use of pressure is required to ensure stable electrospray conditions. Analysis times are reduced by using a capillary column consisting of a 30 cm long monolithic silica capillary column bound with ODS and a fused-silica capillary column also 30 cm long. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of low-molecular-weight aliphatic amines in tap and river water. The analysis of real samples requires cleanup and preconcentration, which can be performed automatically by inserting a minicolumn in the replenishment system of the commercial instrument.

Recent advances in the application of capillary electromigration methods for food analysis

“…Mean spermine contents above the same level were observed in roasted pork neck, roasted pork liver, stewed pork kidney and roasted chicken breast [31]. A new procedure based on the use of pressure-assisted monolithic octadecylsilica capillary electrochromatography-mass spectrometry was developed to determine aliphatic amines in water samples [32]. This CEC-MS separation was achieved by simultaneously applying a CE voltage of 13 kV and an overimposed pressure of 8 bars.…”

“…The proposed method was applied to the determination of low molecular weight aliphatic amines in tap water and river water. Analysis of real samples required cleanup and preconcentration that could be performed automatically by inserting a minicolumn in the replenishment system of the commercial instrument [32].…”

Analysis of biologically active amines by CE

“…MS detection is popular for the analysis of biogenic amines in CE, with the advantages of sensitivity and capability for structure identification [50][51][52][53][54][55][117][118][119][120][121]. With the capability for structure identification, comigrated peaks from CE can be further differentiated by their differences in the mass/charge ratios.…”

“…The sensitivity of UVvisible (Vis) absorption is poor for most biogenic amines [21][22][23][24][25][26][27], especially aliphatic amines because of their low molar absorptivity [22]. Alternatively, fluorescence [28][29][30][31][32][33], electrochemical detection such as amperometry [34][35][36][37][38][39], conductometry [39][40][41], contactless conductometry [42][43][44], electrochemiluminescence (ELCL) [45,46], chemiluminescence (CL) [47][48][49], and MS [50][51][52][53][54][55] are employed for detecting low concentrations of biogenic amines. Although these detection methods provide better sensitivity than UV-Vis absorption detection, they (besides MS) commonly suffer from high selectivity.…”

Development of in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction coupled to pressure‐assisted CEC and its application to the analysis of propranolol enantiomers in human urine

“…Open-tubular capillaries have been joined together with a PTFE sleeve by Haddad and co-workers [24] for use in on-column ion-exchange preconcentration and separation of anions by CEC. Valcárcel and co-workers [25] inserted a minicolumn (od 1.6 mm) in the replenishment system of the commercial CE instrument and realized the on-line automatic preconcentation coupled to pressure-assisted CEC (pCEC)-MS for the determination of aliphatic amines in water samples.…”