Rapid determination of actinides in emergency food samples

Maxwell, Sherrod L.; Culligan, Brian K.; Kelsey-Wall, Angel; Shaw, Patrick J.

doi:10.1007/s10967-011-1411-5

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Chemical homogenization of large samples is difficult. In addition, the particles formed as fuel elements, by condensation, or explosion are typically refractory and only high-temperature fusion [31] or HF digestion [32] can dissolve them. However, the ionic fraction, such as containing aerosol-deposited Cs and I, can be homogenized for some matrices as has been demonstrated for food using tetramethylammonium hydroxide and enzymes [33] [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo Simulation Study of Hot-Particle Detection in Voluminous Samples by Gamma Spectrometry

Chu¹,

Burn²,

Bradt³

et al. 2021

JAMP

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In this work, we addressed the inhomogeneity problem in gamma spectrometry caused by hot particles, which are dispersed into environment from large nuclear reactor accidents such as at Chernobyl and Fukushima. Using Monte Carlo simulation, we have determined the response of a gamma spectrometer to individual and grouped hot particles randomly distributed in a soil matrix of 1-L and 0.6-L sample containers. By exploring the fact that the peak-to-total ratio of efficiencies in gamma spectrometry is an empirical parameter, we derived and verified a power-law relationship between the peak efficiency and peak-to-total ratio. This enabled creation of a novel calibration model which was demonstrated to reduce the bias range and bias standard deviation, caused by measuring hot particles, by several times, as compared with the homogeneous calibration. The new model is independent of the number, location, and distribution of hot particles in the samples. In this work, we demonstrated successful performance of the model for a single-peak 137 Cs radionuclide. An extension to multi-peak radionuclide was also derived.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo Simulation Study of Hot-Particle Detection in Voluminous Samples by Gamma Spectrometry

Chu¹,

Burn²,

Bradt³

et al. 2021

JAMP

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“…In last twenty years a lot of pa pers were published on the field of ex trac tion chro ma tog ra phy via Eichrom's ex trac tion chro mato graphic resin [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the alternative elution agent for the DIPHONIX resin

Kanka

Janda

2016

NUCL TECH RAD PROT

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The work was fo cused on the ex per i men tal de ter mi na tion of the sep a ra tion-ex trac tion proper ties of solid extrahent DIPHONIX (Eichrom In dus tries, USA) de pend ing on the used eluent. Ex trac tion prop er ties were tested for plu to nium, am er i cium, cu rium, and ura nium. The used mo bile phases were hy dro chlo ric acid and ni tric acid at var i ous con cen tra tions. The aim was to find the most ap pro pri ate com bi na tion of mo bile phase and eluent, which would lead to the high est pos si ble yield. The most com monly used eluent pub lished in lit er a ture is 1-hydroxyethane 1, 1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP, Etidronic Acid). Based on the re search the spe cific com pounds were se lected which are generaly known for their complexing prop er ties, such as the salts of ox alic acid and cit ric acid at dif fer ent con cen tra tions. Ac tiv i ties of the samples ob tained by elu tion were mea sured by liq uid scin til la tion spec trom e try.

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“…Rapid analytical methods for 226 Ra, 228 Ra, actinide isotopes and 89,90 Sr in various sample matrices have recently been reported by this laboratory. [7,8,9,10] Matthews et al have provided a good review of analytical techniques available for the assay of 210 Po in a variety of environmental matrices. [11] Most methods are based on spontaneous auto-deposition of polonium on silver disks.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid determination of 210Po in water samples

Maxwell

Culligan

Hutchison

et al. 2013

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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A new rapid method for the determination of 210 Po in water samples has been developed at the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) that can be used for emergency response or routine water analyses. If a radiological dispersive device (RDD) event or a radiological attack associated with drinking water supplies occurs, there will be an urgent need for rapid analyses of water samples, including drinking water, ground water and other water effluents. Current analytical methods for the assay of 210 Po in water samples have typically involved spontaneous auto-deposition of 210 Po onto silver or other metal disks followed by counting by alpha spectrometry. The auto-deposition times range from 90 minutes to 24 hours or more, at times with yields that may be less than desirable.If sample interferences are present, decreased yields and degraded alpha spectrums can occur due to unpredictable thickening in the deposited layer. Separation methods have focused on the use of Sr Resin™, often in combination with 210 Pb analysis. A new rapid method for 210 Po in water samples has been developed at the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) that utilizes a rapid calcium phosphate co-precipitation method, 2 separation using DGA Resin ® (N,N,N',N' tetraoctyldiglycolamide extractant-coated resin, Eichrom Technologies or Triskem-International), followed by rapid microprecipitation of 210 Po using bismuth phosphate for counting by alpha spectrometry. This new method can be performed quickly with excellent removal of interferences, high chemical yields and very good alpha peak resolution, eliminating any potential problems with the alpha source preparation for emergency or routine samples. A rapid sequential separation method to separate 210 Po and actinide isotopes was also developed. This new approach, rapid separation with DGA Resin plus microprecipitation for alpha source preparation, is a significant advance in radiochemistry for the rapid determination of 210 Po.

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Rapid determination of actinides in emergency food samples

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

Monte Carlo Simulation Study of Hot-Particle Detection in Voluminous Samples by Gamma Spectrometry

Monte Carlo Simulation Study of Hot-Particle Detection in Voluminous Samples by Gamma Spectrometry

Study of the alternative elution agent for the DIPHONIX resin

Rapid determination of 210Po in water samples

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