Rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 using graphene-based IoT integrated advanced electrochemical biosensor

Sadique, Mohd Abubakar; Yadav, Shalu; Ranjan, Pushpesh; Khan, Mohd. Akram; Kumar, Ashok; Khan, Raju

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130824

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Extensive research synchronised with the healthcare industry goals will reach higher technological levels and propose sensitive and specific methods, and affordable, user-friendly, rapid, robust and simple diagnostic devices. The future belongs to comprehensive systems that integrate POCT and IoT for holistic approaches and "sample-to-answer" solutions [9,237].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Point-of-Care Testing—The Key in the Battle against SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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The deleterious effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic urged the development of diagnostic tools to manage the spread of disease. Currently, the “gold standard” involves the use of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Even though it is sensitive, specific and applicable for large batches of samples, qRT-PCR is labour-intensive, time-consuming, requires trained personnel and is not available in remote settings. This review summarizes and compares the available strategies for COVID-19: serological testing, Point-of-Care Testing, nanotechnology-based approaches and biosensors. Last but not least, we address the advantages and limitations of these methods as well as perspectives in COVID-19 diagnostics. The effort is constantly focused on understanding the quickly changing landscape of available diagnostic testing of COVID-19 at the clinical levels and introducing reliable and rapid screening point of care testing. The last approach is key to aid the clinical decision-making process for infection control, enhancing an appropriate treatment strategy and prompt isolation of asymptomatic/mild cases. As a viable alternative, Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) is typically low-cost and user-friendly, hence harbouring tremendous potential for rapid COVID-19 diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Point-of-Care Testing—The Key in the Battle against SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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“…ssDNA or probe DNA are being immobilized onto the surface of graphene to capture target DNA—in this review’s case, SARS-CoV-2—through hybridization. Biological activity or interactions occurring provide a measurable signal, which varies depending on type of biosensor—field effect transistors (FETs) [ 14 , 16 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] and electrochemical biosensors [ 20 , 25 , 26 ] will provide signals in the form of current or voltage changes. Meanwhile, surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors generally provide signals by changes in SPR angle [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Detection Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Review of Graphene-Based Biosensors Developed for Rapid Detection of COVID-19 Biomarkers

et al. 2023

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The prevalence of mutated species of COVID-19 antigens has provided a strong impetus for identifying a cost-effective, rapid and facile strategy for identifying the viral loads in public places. The ever-changing genetic make-up of SARS-CoV-2 posts a significant challenfge for the research community to identify a robust mechanism to target, bind and confirm the presence of a viral load before it spreads. Synthetic DNA constructs are a novel strategy to design complementary DNA sequences specific for antigens of interest as in this review’s case SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Small molecules, complementary DNA and protein–DNA complexes have been known to target analytes in minimal concentrations. This phenomenon can be exploited by nanomaterials which have unique electronic properties such as ballistic conduction. Graphene is one such candidate for designing a device with a very low LOD in the order of zeptomolar and attomolar concentrations. Surface modification will be the significant aspect of the device which needs to have a high degree of sensitivity at the same time as providing a rapid signaling mechanism.

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“…The current pandemic has caused a huge loss of life, wealth, and necessities, which encouraged the scientific community to develop some prevention and treatment strategies. 3 One of the most essential preventive measures is an accurate, rapid, and sensitive diagnostic platform. 4 This can be an effective tool to combat pandemics and outbreaks and even enable early detection of the disease in places where high-throughput methods are needed for a huge population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several infectious viruses, such as influenza, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), have led to global outbreaks. The current pandemic has caused a huge loss of life, wealth, and necessities, which encouraged the scientific community to develop some prevention and treatment strategies . One of the most essential preventive measures is an accurate, rapid, and sensitive diagnostic platform .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Platforms for Dual Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen and Antibody based on Gold Nanoparticle Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites

Sadique

Yadav

Ranjan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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In this work, we report a facile synthesis of graphene oxide–gold (GO–Au) nanocomposites by electrodeposition. The fabricated electrochemical immunosensors are utilized for the dual detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen and SARS-CoV-2 antibody. The GO–Au nanocomposites has been characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for its biosensing properties. The linear detection range of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen immunosensor is 10.0 ag mL –1 to 50.0 ng mL –1 , whereas that for the antibody immunosensor ranges from 1.0 fg mL –1 to 1.0 ng mL –1 . The calculated limit of detection (LOD) of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen immunosensor is 3.99 ag mL –1 , and that for SARS-CoV-2 antibody immunosensor is 1.0 fg mL –1 with high sensitivity. The validation of the immunosensor has also been carried out on patient serum and patient swab samples from COVID-19 patients. The results suggest successful utilization of the immunosensors with a very low detection limit enabling its use in clinical samples. Further work is needed for the standardization of the results and translation in screen-printed electrodes for use in portable commercial applications.

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Rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 using graphene-based IoT integrated advanced electrochemical biosensor

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Point-of-Care Testing—The Key in the Battle against SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Point-of-Care Testing—The Key in the Battle against SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

A Brief Review of Graphene-Based Biosensors Developed for Rapid Detection of COVID-19 Biomarkers

Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Platforms for Dual Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen and Antibody based on Gold Nanoparticle Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites

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