Rapid detection of nitroaromatic and nitramine explosives on chromatographic paper and their reflectometric sensing on PVC tablets

Erçağ, Erol; Üzer, Ayşem; Eren, Şule; Sağlam, Şener; Filik, Hayati; Apak, Reşat

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2011.07.080

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although colourimetric sensors based on the entrapment of specific reagents within solid supports provides a low cost, portable, and flexible means for the rapid on-site qualitative detection of TNT, a spectrophotometer is required for quantitative analysis [1, 15,16]. In this article, a low cost colourimetric test kit was developed based on the synthesis of hydrogel material and used incorporately with digital image colorimetry for quantitative analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cost effective hydrogel test kit for pre and post blast trinitrotoluene

Choodum

Malathong

NicDaéid

et al. 2016

Forensic Science International

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General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in Discovery Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from Discovery Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain.• You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. ABSTRACTA cost effective hydrogel test kit was successfully developed for the detection of pre-and post-blast trinitrotoluene (TNT). A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel matrix was used to entrap the potassium hydroxide (KOH) colourimetric reagent. The easily portable test kit was fabricated in-situ in a small tube to which the sample could be added directly. The test kit was used in conjunction with digital image colourimetry (DIC) to demonstrate the rapid quantitative analysis of TNT in a test soil sample. The built-in digital camera of an iPhone was used to capture digital images of the colourimetric products from the test kit. Red-Green-Blue (RGB) colour data from the digital images of TNT standard solutions were used to establish a calibration graph. The validation of the DIC method indicated excellent inter day precision (0.12-3.60%RSD) and accuracy (93-108% relative accuracy). Post-blast soil samples containing TNT were analysed using the test kit and were in good agreement with spectrophotometric analysis. The intensity of the RGB data from the TNT complex deviated by +6.3%, +5.1%, and -4.9% after storage of the test kits in a freezer for 3 months. The test kit was also reusable for up to 12 times with only -5.4%, +0.3%, and +4.0% deviations. The hydrogel test kit was applied in the detection of trace explosive residues at the scene of the recent Bangkok bombing at the Ratchaprasong intersection and produced positive results for TNT demonstrating its operational field application as a rapid and cost effective quantitative tool for explosive residue analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cost effective hydrogel test kit for pre and post blast trinitrotoluene

Choodum

Malathong

NicDaéid

et al. 2016

Forensic Science International

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“…Rapid screening for explosives in pre-and post-blast debris or soil is of high importance from both an environmental and forensic science perspective. [1][2][3] In soils, explosive compounds are mostly encountered near facilities previously involved in the manufacture, assembly, testing, storage or demilitarizing of munitions. 4 Since the decomposition of these compounds is relatively slow, they have the potential to pollute the groundwater, creating a serious environmental hazard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,16 Despite the excellent sensitivity offered by some of these techniques, the elevated costs, long analysis time and bulky instrumentation limit their applicability to field-based screening. 3,4,17 In addition, sending samples for laboratory testing is costly and time-consuming. 4 It is therefore of significance to the research community to develop portable screening methods to detect explosives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 It is therefore of significance to the research community to develop portable screening methods to detect explosives. Some mature techniques include amperometric sensing, 18 polymer sensing, 17,19 membrane-based flow displacement immunoassays, [20][21][22][23][24] amperometric gas sensoring, 18 reflectance spectroscopy 3 and colour reactions. 25,26 Although these methods facilitate field detection of explosives, they can be time intensive, have significant sample preparation requirements or include elaborate screening devices which may not be stable under general or non-laboratory conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25,26 Although these methods facilitate field detection of explosives, they can be time intensive, have significant sample preparation requirements or include elaborate screening devices which may not be stable under general or non-laboratory conditions. 3 Fluorescence methods have also been applied to the field detection of explosives due to their sensitivity, selectivity, simplicity and low cost instrumentation. [27][28][29][30][31] Polymer films have been used as fluorophore sensors, however, these films are difficult to synthesise and are mostly constrained to the detection of explosives in an aqueous solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A portable explosive detector based on fluorescence quenching of pyrene deposited on coloured wax-printed μPADs

et al. 2013

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A new technique for the detection of explosives has been developed based on fluorescence quenching of pyrene on paper-based analytical devices (μPADs). Wax barriers were generated (150 °C, 5 min) using ten different colours. Magenta was found as the most suitable wax colour for the generation of the hydrophobic barriers with a nominal width of 120 μm resulting in fully functioning hydrophobic barriers. One microliter of 0.5 mg mL(-1) pyrene dissolved in an 80:20 methanol-water solution was deposited on the hydrophobic circle (5 mm diameter) to produce the active microchip device. Under ultra-violet (UV) illumination, ten different organic explosives were detected using the μPAD, with limits of detection ranging from 100-600 ppm. A prototype of a portable battery operated instrument using a 3 W power UV light-emitting-diode (LED) (365 nm) and a photodiode sensor was also built and evaluated for the successful automatic detection of explosives and potential application for field-based screening.

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Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Explosive 2,6‐Bis(picrylamino)pyridine after Preconcentration by Dispersive Liquid‐Liquid Microextraction

Larki

Nasrabadi

Pourreza

2015

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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An experimental investigation for sensitive spectrophotometric detection of explosive, 2,6‐bis(picrylamino)pyridine (BPAP) using dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction was carried out. Based on this procedure, which is a dispersive‐solvent‐free technique, the extractant is dispersed in the aqueous sample solution using Aliquat 336 (acted as disperser agent and carrier to extraction solvent) and monitored with microvolume UV/Vis spectrophotometer. The effect of different variables such as pH, concentration of sodium hydroxide, type and volume of extraction solvent, concentration of Aliquat 336 solution and coexisting substances were systematically investigated and optimized. Interference tests showed that the developed method has a good selectivity and could be used conveniently for determination of explosive analyte. The proposed method is capable of determining BPAP over a range of 2.0–150.0 ng mL−1 with a limit of detection 1.0 ng mL−1. Relative standard deviations (RSD) for 20.0 and 80.0 ng mL−1 of BPAP were 3.3 and 1.2 % (n=10), respectively. This colorimetric method was applied to determine BPAP in different water and soil samples.

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Rapid detection of nitroaromatic and nitramine explosives on chromatographic paper and their reflectometric sensing on PVC tablets

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

A cost effective hydrogel test kit for pre and post blast trinitrotoluene

A cost effective hydrogel test kit for pre and post blast trinitrotoluene

A portable explosive detector based on fluorescence quenching of pyrene deposited on coloured wax-printed μPADs

Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Explosive 2,6‐Bis(picrylamino)pyridine after Preconcentration by Dispersive Liquid‐Liquid Microextraction

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