Rapid detection of genotypes and mutations in the pre-core promoter and the pre-core region of hepatitis B virus genome: correlation with viral persistence and disease severity

Persistence of cccDNA during the natural history of chronic hepatitis B and decline during adefovir dipivoxil therapy1 ☆

“…This result is consistent with our observations of greater levels of intrahepatic HBV replicative intermediates and serum HBV DNA in HBeAg+ patients (compared to the later groups) and with previous reports of viral load in HBeAg+ and HBeAg-patients 20 . Surprisingly, cccDNA levels in HBeAg-patients, who are infected with precore mutant HBV and have active liver disease, were not significantly different (P=0.68), than those in inactive carriers who have no evidence of ongoing liver disease.…”

Hepatitis B Virus Genome Analysis in Patients of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Asymptomatic Carriers from Northern, Southern and North East India

“…However, presence of precore stop-codon mutation was seen in five of the HCC cases from North India and in four cases from NEI. Importantly, a majority of the stop-codon mutations observed in the present study were infected with genotype D and less frequently with genotype A, which is in agreement with published data 32 , where it was documented that the stop-codon mutation was associated in 65-75% genotype D cases, while it was around 8-18% for genotype A. The most common and expected mutation of T  V at codon 120 was observed in a majority of the HCC cases, which is in agreement with published data 44 .…”

“…However, the later mutation was strictly observed in HCC cases from South India and NEI. The hot spot mutation in position 31 (serine to proline) as reported earlier 32 , has been documented in the present study where alanine replaces serine at codon 31. Many other mutations reported in the present study fall in between the codon positions 111-135, much like previous findings [39][40][41] .…”

“…L80I is a lamivudine mutation, while N236T is associated with adefovir resistance 32 . The main M204V/I resistant mutation and additional compensatory mutations L80I/V, V173L and L180M are associated with high-level resistance to lamivudine, telbivudine and emtricitabine 32 . The other patient with dual drug mutation was found to harbour I169T and A181V mutations.…”

Study of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Its Genotypes in Tribal People

“…Widespread and increasing use of alcohol is drawing attention to the health consequences of alcohol consumption. Alcohol-related liver disease is a significant burden on health, with alcohol consumption accounting for an estimated 3.8% of global mortality [46]. Alcohol is a major cause of liver cirrhosis in the Western world.…”