Rapid curing and additive manufacturing of thermoset systems using scanning microwave heating of carbon nanotube/epoxy composites

Odom, Morgan G. B.; Sweeney, Charles B.; Parviz, Dorsa; Sill, Linnea P.; Saed, Mohammad A.; Green, Micah J.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.05.063

Cited by 66 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Magnetic fields interacting with superparamagnetic nanoparticle additives Microwave fields interacting with embedded conductive nanoscale inclusions …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of downstream heating in melt electrospinning of polymers

Mayadeo

Morikawa

Naraghi

et al. 2017

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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In this study, both modeling and experimental approaches are used to demonstrate that downstream volumetric heating of electrospun fibers during melt electrospinning can result in markedly decreased fiber diameters. Previous melt electrospinning techniques were limited to production of micron‐sized fibers. This is because high viscosity and low electrical conductivity of the polymer melt coupled with rapid heat loss to the surroundings resulted in solidification of the jet before it had been significantly stretched by the electric field. In our study, we utilize a model for non‐isothermal melt electrospinning in the presence of a volumetric heat source. Our simulation results demonstrate that downstream heating does reduce the fiber diameter, and is therefore a feasible approach for resolving the limitations of melt electrospinning. In addition, our model has also been used to capture the effect of the surrounding temperature, which affects the thinning of the fiber through surface rather than volumetric interactions. Finally, melt electrospinning experiments are utilized to validate the model predictions for downstream heating. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1393–1405

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“…Magnetic fields interacting with superparamagnetic nanoparticle additives Microwave fields interacting with embedded conductive nanoscale inclusions …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of downstream heating in melt electrospinning of polymers

Mayadeo

Morikawa

Naraghi

et al. 2017

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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“…Figure (f) is a schematic of the CNTs states in the ESMP matrix. Such serious CNTs aggregations were commonly observed in stirring‐processed CNTs/polymer composites …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Carbon nanotubes array reinforced shape‐memory epoxy with fast responses to low‐power microwaves

Chen

Xiao-pei

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, epoxy shape-memory polymer (ESMP) was infiltrated into the scaffolds of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) array grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In the fabricated CNTs array/ESMP nanocomposite, the CNTs interconnected with each other and a three-dimensional (3D) network of the CNTs was formed. As a result, both thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of the CNTs array/ESMP nanocomposite were higher than the random CNTs/ESMP composite fabricated by conventional high-speed mechanical stirring. In the random CNTs/ESMP composite, the CNTs aggregated seriously in the matrix. Along the CNTs axis, The CNTs array/ESMP nanocomposite showed a higher modulus and hardness than the random CNTs/ESMP composite, as revealed by nanoindentation tests. Under microwave radiation, the temperature of the CNTs array/ESMP nanocomposite increased more rapidly than pristine ESMP and the random CNTs/ESMP composite. Consequently, the CNTs array/ESMP nanocomposite showed a faster shape recovery speed compared with pristine ESMP and the random CNTs/ESMP composite in their microwavetriggered shape memory behaviors. Especially, the CNTs array/ESMP nanocomposite can recover the deformation fully in response to as low as 60 W microwaves. The presented CNTs array/ESMP nanocomposite with improved mechanical property and fast responses to low-power microwaves may find potential applications in smart devices.

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“…It is nowadays possible to build 3D objects by adding material in the form of droplets (1), filaments (2), or to simultaneously crosslink 2D (3) or even 3D patterns (4). The range of materials that can be used today includes metals (5), ceramics (6), polymers (thermoplastics (2), thermosets (7), hydrogels (1,3,8)) and several composite materials, such as magnetic particles in polymers (9) and cells suspended in hydrogels (8), depending on the type of AM technology. The field of tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine, which aims to repair or replace damaged tissues in the body, has benefitted greatly from these advances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid additive manufacturing platform to create bulk and surface composition gradients on scaffolds for tissue regeneration

Sinha

Cámara-Torres

Scopece³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Scaffolds with gradients of physico-chemical properties and controlled 3D architectures are crucial for engineering complex tissues. These can be produced using multi-material additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. However, they typically only achieve discrete gradients using separate printheads to vary compositions. Achieving continuous composition gradients, to better mimic tissues, requires material dosing and mixing controls. No such AM solution exists for most biomaterials. Existing AM techniques also cannot selectively modify scaffold surfaces to locally stimulate cell adhesion. We report a hybrid AM solution to cover these needs. On one platform, we combine a novel dosing-and mixing-enabled, dual-material printhead with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet to selectively activate/coat scaffold filaments during manufacturing. We fabricated continuous composition gradients in both 2D hydrogels and 3D thermoplastic scaffolds. We demonstrated an improvement in mechanical properties of continuous gradients compared to discrete gradients in the 3D scaffolds, and the ability to selectively enhance cell adhesion.

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Rapid curing and additive manufacturing of thermoset systems using scanning microwave heating of carbon nanotube/epoxy composites

Cited by 66 publications

References 32 publications

Modeling of downstream heating in melt electrospinning of polymers

Modeling of downstream heating in melt electrospinning of polymers

Carbon nanotubes array reinforced shape‐memory epoxy with fast responses to low‐power microwaves

A hybrid additive manufacturing platform to create bulk and surface composition gradients on scaffolds for tissue regeneration

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