Rapid Classification of Phenotypic Mutants of Arabidopsis via Metabolite Fingerprinting

Messerli, Gaëlle; Nia, Vahid Partovi; Trevisan, Martine; Kolbe, Anna; Schauer, Nicolas; Geigenberger, Peter; Chen, Jychian; Davison, A. C.; Fernie, Alisdair R.; Zeeman, Samuel C.

doi:10.1104/pp.106.090795

Cited by 79 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…As already noted, the late flowering and low CO and FT aspects of the sfr6 phenotype resemble plants with altered GI and ZTL expression (Fowler et al, 1999;Park et al, 1999;Somers et al, 2000;Kevei et al, 2006) and also sex3, a novel allele of gi that shows late flowering (Messerli et al, 2007). As GI is a ''hub'' in the regulation of clock and flowering time pathways, the changes we observe in its expression may well account for the delayed flowering, changes in clock-associated gene expression, and altered circadian phenotypes seen in sfr6 plants.…”

Section: Sfr6 May Act To Integrate Multiple Signalsmentioning

confidence: 91%

SENSITIVE TO FREEZING6 Integrates Cellular and Environmental Inputs to the Plant Circadian Clock

2008

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The sensitive to freezing6 (sfr6) mutant of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is late flowering in long days due to reduced expression of components in the photoperiodic flowering pathway in long-day photoperiods. Microarray analysis of gene expression showed that a circadian clock-associated motif, the evening element, was overrepresented in promoters of genes down-regulated in sfr6 plants. Analysis of leaf movement rhythms found sfr6 plants showed a sucrose (Suc)-dependent long period phenotype; unlike wild-type Arabidopsis, the clock in sfr6 plants did not have a shorter rhythm in the presence of Suc. Other developmental responses to Suc were unaltered in sfr6 plants, suggesting insensitivity to Suc is restricted to the clock. We investigated the effect of sfr6 and Suc upon clock gene expression over 24 h. The sfr6 mutation resulted in reduced expression of the clock components CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1, GIGANTEA, and TIMING OF CAB1. These changes occurred independently of Suc supplementation. Wild-type plants showed small increases in clock gene expression in the presence of Suc; this response to Suc was reduced in sfr6 plants. This study shows that large changes in level and timing of clock gene expression may have little effect upon clock outputs. Moreover, although Suc influences the period and accuracy of the Arabidopsis clock, it results in relatively minor changes in clock gene expression.

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Section: Sfr6 May Act To Integrate Multiple Signalsmentioning

confidence: 91%

SENSITIVE TO FREEZING6 Integrates Cellular and Environmental Inputs to the Plant Circadian Clock

2008

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“…Under 24-h T-cycles, both mutants degrade starch at a rate comparable with or slightly lower than that of WT plants. However, because they contain more starch at dusk, they still contain a significant amount of starch at the end of the night (27)(28)(29)(30)(31) (Fig. 5D) (T24 eon).…”

Section: Reduced Productivity In Abnormally Long Day Lengths Is Attrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian control of carbohydrate availability for growth inArabidopsisplants at night

Graf

Schlereth

Stitt

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

572

738

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Plant growth is driven by photosynthetic carbon fixation during the day. Some photosynthate is accumulated, often as starch, to support nocturnal metabolism and growth at night. The rate of starch degradation in Arabidopsis leaves at night is essentially linear, and is such that almost all of the starch is used by dawn. We have investigated the timer that matches starch utilization to the duration of the night. The rate of degradation adjusted immediately and appropriately to an unexpected early onset of night. Starch was still degraded in an appropriate manner when the preceding light period was interrupted by a period of darkness. However, when Arabidopsis was grown in abnormal day lengths (28 h or 17 h) starch was exhausted ∼24 h after the last dawn, irrespective of the actual dawn. A mutant lacking the LHY and CCA1 clock components exhausted its starch at the dawn anticipated by its fast-running circadian clock, rather than the actual dawn. Reduced growth of wild-type plants in 28-h days and lhy/cca1 mutants in 24-h days was attributable to the inappropriate rate of starch degradation and the consequent carbon starvation at the end of night. Thus, starch degradation is under circadian control to ensure that carbohydrate availability is maintained until the next anticipated dawn, and this control is necessary for maintaining plant productivity.circadian clock | starch degradation | carbohydrate metabolism P lants are exposed to a daily alternation between light and dark. Although growth in the light can be directly fueled by photosynthesis, in the dark it depends on stored carbohydrate. In many species, starch accumulates in the light and is broken down to provide sugars for metabolism and growth at night. The rate of starch degradation in Arabidopsis leaves at night is essentially linear under a wide range of day/night lengths, and is such that about 95% of the starch is used by dawn (1, 2). This match between the length of time taken to degrade the starch reserves and the length of the night is vitally important for the normal growth of the plant. If the night is artificially extended beyond the normal dawn, the growth rate of the plant drops abruptly (3). Mutant plants that cannot accumulate starch, or degrade it only very slowly, have much lower growth rates than wild-type plants during normal nights and a reduced overall growth rate, except in continuous light or very long days (2-4). These reductions in growth rate are accompanied by large transcriptional changes indicative of carbon starvation.Remarkably, the rate of starch degradation in Arabidopsis plants adjusts immediately to an unexpected early or late onset of night. When plants grown in 16-h light/8-h dark were subjected to darkness after only 8 h of light, the rate of starch degradation was much slower than on previous nights. Conversely, when plants grown in 8-h light/16-h dark were given a 16-h light period, the subsequent rate of starch degradation was much faster than on previous nights (5). These observations imply that a timing mechanism ...

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“…GI protein is not thought to be an enzyme directly involved in starch metabolism, but the gi mutant was found to display a starch-excess phenotype. 96 Not only does gi accumulate starch, it also has higher proportions of simple carbohydrates, 97 suggesting that a higher rate of carbon fixation must take place to sustain such a carbohydrate metabolic imbalance. The oxidative-stress resistant phenotype observed by Kurepa et al 99 was partly explained by a constitutive higher expression of ascorbate peroxidase (APX1) and Cd/Zn and Fe superoxide dismutases (CSD2 and FeSOD, respectively).…”

Section: Stress and Energy As A Metabolic Input To The Clockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GI locus, which encodes for a protein with uncharacterized domains, is involved in rosette development 94 and flowering time, 95 starch metabolism, 96,97 correct circadian clock function, 95,98 and resistance to oxidative stress. 99 While the role of GI in clock control and timing of flower development are starting to emerge, its role in starch accumulation and oxidative stress is still obscure.…”

Section: Stress and Energy As A Metabolic Input To The Clockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic stress and the plant circadian clock

Sanchez

Shin²,

Davis

2011

Plant Signaling & Behavior

119

107

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Rapid Classification of Phenotypic Mutants of Arabidopsis via Metabolite Fingerprinting

Cited by 79 publications

References 37 publications

SENSITIVE TO FREEZING6 Integrates Cellular and Environmental Inputs to the Plant Circadian Clock

SENSITIVE TO FREEZING6 Integrates Cellular and Environmental Inputs to the Plant Circadian Clock

Circadian control of carbohydrate availability for growth inArabidopsisplants at night

Abiotic stress and the plant circadian clock

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