Rapid biological reduction of graphene oxide: Impact on methane production and micropollutant transformation

Ponzelli, Michele; Zahedi, S.; Koch, Konrad; Drewes, Jörg E.; Radjenović, Jelena

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2022.108373

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…A similar tentative structure was proposed for TP258 as an SMX biotransformation product under anaerobic conditions, using skimmed milk and bicarbonate as the carbon source and electron acceptor . The same TP was also observed both in biologically active and sterilized anaerobic sludge . The fragmentation of TP270 ( m / z = 270) resulted in fragment ions with m / z values of 156, 115, 108, 92, 80, and 65 (Figure S2D).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

“… 11 The same TP was also observed both in biologically active and sterilized anaerobic sludge. 34 The fragmentation of TP270 ( m / z = 270) resulted in fragment ions with m / z values of 156, 115, 108, 92, 80, and 65 ( Figure S2D ). The absence of m / z 99 and the presence of m / z 115 revealed that a hydroxylation reaction with a mass shift of +16 took place in the isoxazole moiety.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sequential Anaerobic–Aerobic Treatment Enhances Sulfamethoxazole Removal: From Batch Cultures to Observations in a Large-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plant

Akay,

Ulrich,

Rocha

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) passes through conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) mainly unaltered. Under anoxic conditions sulfate-reducing bacteria can transform SMX but the fate of the transformation products (TPs) and their prevalence in WWTPs remain unknown. Here, we report the anaerobic formation and aerobic degradation of SMX TPs. SMX biotransformation was observed in nitrate-and sulfate-reducing enrichment cultures. We identified 10 SMX TPs predominantly showing alterations in the heterocyclic and N 4 -arylamine moieties. Abiotic oxic incubation of sulfate-reducing culture filtrates led to further degradation of the major anaerobic SMX TPs. Upon reinoculation under oxic conditions, all anaerobically formed TPs, including the secondary TPs, were degraded. In samples collected at different stages of a full-scale municipal WWTP, anaerobically formed SMX TPs were detected at high concentrations in the primary clarifier and digested sludge units, where anoxic conditions were prevalent. Contrarily, their concentrations were lower in oxic zones like the biological treatment and final effluent. Our results suggest that anaerobically formed TPs were eliminated in the aerobic treatment stages, consistent with our observations in batch biotransformation experiments. More generally, our findings highlight the significance of varying redox states determining the fate of SMX and its TPs in engineered environments.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%