Rapid Biodiesel Fuel Production Using Novel Fibrous Catalyst Synthesized by Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization

Ueki, Yuji; Mohamed, Nor Hasimah; Seko, Noriaki; Tamada, Masao

doi:10.4236/ijoc.2011.12004

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The amidoxime fabric adsorbent was obtained by treatment of the AN/MAA-grafted fabric with a hydroxylamine solution [36,37], that is, the AN/MAA-grafted fabric was immersed in a 3.0 wt % hydroxylamine solution (pH 7.0 adjusted by KOH) at 80 °C for more than 15 min. Under this condition, it was confirmed that all of the cyanide (CN) groups on the graft chains were converted into amidoxime (C(NH 2 )=NOH) groups [36].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The irradiated fabric was then immersed in an oxygen-free monomer solution at the designed temperature for grafting, under which the polymeric radicals initiated the graft polymerization. In this work, an amidoxime fabric adsorbent was synthesized by co-grafting of acrylonitrile (AN) and methacrylic acid (MAA) and subsequent amidoximation with hydroxylamine [36,37], while an ammonium fabric adsorbent was synthesized by grafting of chloromethylstyrene (CMS) and subsequent quaternization with trimethylamine [38]. The chromium removal of the resultant fabric adsorbents was tested in batch and column modes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen-Containing Fabric Adsorbents Prepared by Radiation Grafting for Removal of Chromium from Wastewater

2018

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To remove chromium from wastewater effectively, two types of nitrogen-containing fabric adsorbents, having amidoxime ligand groups and quaternary ammonium anion exchange groups, respectively, were prepared by radiation grafting. In brief, the amidoxime adsorbent is obtained by grafting of acrylonitrile (AN)/methacrylic acid (MAA) onto a nonwoven fabric and subsequent amidoximation with hydroxylamine, while the ammonium adsorbent is obtained by grafting of chloromethylstyrene (CMS) followed by quaternization with trimethylamine. The AN/MAA-grafting reaches a high degree of grafting more than 100%, and the resulting amidoxime adsorbent reaches a high amidoxime density of 4.53 mmol/g. On the other hand, the CMS-grafting reaches a much higher degree of grafting above 200%, and the resulting ammonium adsorbent reaches a high ammonium density of 3.51 mmol/g. FTIR/ATR and TGA/DTA are used for the characterization of the grafted fabrics as well as the relevant fabric adsorbents. Furthermore, the chromium removal of the prepared fabric adsorbent is tested in both batch and column modes. It has been confirmed that the chromium removal was largely dependent on the pH of the solution. At pH 5.0, the amidoxime adsorbent shows a high Cr(III) adsorption capacity of 31.68 mg/g, while the ammonium adsorbent shows a much higher Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of 130.65 mg/g.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-Containing Fabric Adsorbents Prepared by Radiation Grafting for Removal of Chromium from Wastewater

2018

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“…Grafted fibrous catalyst for BDF production was synthesized by radiation-induced emulsion grafting technique, as published previously [18]. PE/PP nonwoven fabric was irradiated with electron beam (100 kGy).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Grafted Fibrous Catalyst For Biodiesel Fuel Promentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The catalytic performance of the grafted fibrous catalyst was evaluated by the transesterification of TG and alcohols under the following standard conditions, as published previously [18]. The transesterification tests were performed in a batch reactor equipped with a magnetic stirrer.…”

Section: Transesterification Procedures With Grafted Fibrous Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Grafted Fibrous Polymer as a Solid Basic Catalyst for Biodiesel Fuel Production

Ueki¹,

Saiki²,

Shibata³

et al. 2014

IJOC

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Grafted fibrous polymer with quaternary amine groups could function as a highly-efficient catalyst for biodiesel fuel (BDF) production. In this study, the optimization of grafted fibrous polymer (catalyst) and transesterification conditions for the effective BDF production was attempted through a batch-wise transesterification of triglyceride (TG) with ethanol (EtOH) in the presence of a cosolvent. Trimethylamine was the optimal quaternary amine group for the grafted fibrous catalyst. The optimal degree of grafting of the grafted fibrous catalyst was greater than 170%. The optimal transesterification conditions were as follows: The optimal molar quantity of quaternary amine groups, transesterification temperature, molar ratio of TG and EtOH, and primary alkyl alcohol were 0.8 mmol, 80˚C, 1:200, and 1-pentanol, respectively. The grafted fibrous catalyst could be applied to BDF production using natural oils. Furthermore, the grafted fibrous catalyst could be used repeatedly after regeneration involving three sequential processes, i.e., organic acid, alkali, and alcohol treatments, without any significant loss of catalytic activity.

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“…The potential of application of fibrous basic catalyst prepared by radiation induced grafting (RIG) of vinylbenzyl chloride onto polyethylene (PE) nonwoven sheet followed by amination for transesterification of triolein with various types of alcohols was investigated [9] [10]. Similar radiation grafted and aminated catalyst based on PE/polypropylene (PE/PP) nonwoven sheet was evaluated for transesterification of triacetine [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Biodiesel from Cottonseed Oil over Aminated Flax Fibres Catalyst: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Behaviour and Biodiesel Properties

Moawia¹,

Nasef²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2019

ACES

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The transesterification of cottonseed oil in the presence of methanol to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) using flax-based fibres catalyst modified with an alkaline moiety was studied. The catalyst was prepared by radiation induced grafting (RIG) of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto dignified flax fibres followed by amination with diethylamine (DEA) and treatment with NaOH solution. A maximum FAME conversion of 88.6% was obtained at 60˚C with a catalyst dosage of 2.5 wt%, an oil/methanol ratio of 1:33 and a time of 2 h. The biodiesel quality was verified by nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR). Kinetic analysis showed a reaction activation energy of 69.33 kJ•mol −1 and a rate constant of 0.00349 min −1 indicating that the catalytic reaction was kinetically controlled. Thermodynamic analyses revealed that the reaction was reversible, non-spontaneous and endothermic with an enthalpy of 66.62 kJ•mol −1 . The obtained biodiesel showed physical and chemical characteristics complying with ASTM D6751. It can be concluded that the alkaline biopolymer catalyst prepared in the present study is a promising green candidate for biodiesel production.

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Rapid Biodiesel Fuel Production Using Novel Fibrous Catalyst Synthesized by Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Nitrogen-Containing Fabric Adsorbents Prepared by Radiation Grafting for Removal of Chromium from Wastewater

Nitrogen-Containing Fabric Adsorbents Prepared by Radiation Grafting for Removal of Chromium from Wastewater

Optimization of Grafted Fibrous Polymer as a Solid Basic Catalyst for Biodiesel Fuel Production

Production of Biodiesel from Cottonseed Oil over Aminated Flax Fibres Catalyst: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Behaviour and Biodiesel Properties

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