Rapid Assessment of Roadsides as Potential Habitat for Monarchs and Other Pollinators

Cariveau, Alison B.; Anderson, Erik; Hopwood, Jennifer; Lonsdorf, Eric V.; Nootenboom, Chris; Tuerk, Karen; Oberhauser, Karen S.; Snell‐Rood, Emilie C.

doi:10.3389/fevo.2019.00386

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Ongoing studies will benefit from cooperation with landowners and managers who keep detailed records of management actions and who are open to sharing their practices with researchers. The protocols we used were prototypes for the Integrated Monarch Monitoring Program (IMMP), which monitors monarch habitat and monarch use throughout the North American breeding range (Cariveau et al, 2019a). The IMMP is an effective tool for addressing these questions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Field sampling procedures followed the Integrated Monarch Monitoring Program (2017 version) (Commision for Environmental Cooperation, 2017; Cariveau et al, 2019a). Sites were surveyed 3-5 times during the monarch breeding season (May-September), with crews examining 150 1 m 2 quadrats (0.5 m × 2.0 m) placed 7 m apart along a series of parallel transects during each visit.…”

Section: Field Survey Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) Milkweed density and species richness: Within each quadrat, the number of milkweed plants by species was recorded. Milkweed stems separated by soil were recorded as distinct plants, regardless of whether they were clonal or genetic individuals (following Kasten et al, 2016;Commision for Environmental Cooperation, 2017;Cariveau et al, 2019a). Following the quadrat survey, a meandering walk survey was conducted to check for additional milkweed species not observed in quadrats to accurately capture species diversity at each site.…”

Section: Field Survey Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monarch Habitat in Conservation Grasslands

et al. 2020

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Survey Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Survey Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monarch Habitat in Conservation Grasslands

et al. 2020

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“…We found from 6-31% of our milkweed occurrences were associated with roadsides in our study area, depending on the species. Management of roadside habitats is receiving increased focus for bene tting pollinator species in general (Hopwood et al 2015;Phillips et al 2020), and milkweeds and monarchs (Fischer et al 2015;Kasten et al 2016;Kaul and Wilsey 2019;Knight et al 2019;Cariveau et al 2019Cariveau et al , 2020Monarch CCAA/CCA Development Team 2020).…”

Section: Implications For Monarch Butter Y Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, phenology, and land cover preference risk assessments of four South-Central US milkweeds (Asclepias spp.) important for monarch butterflies

Tracy

Kantola²,

Coulson

2021

Preprint

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South-Central US milkweeds (Asclepias spp.) are critical adult nectar and larval food resources for producing the first spring and last summer/fall generations of declining eastern migratory monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus). MaxEnt niche models were developed for North American ranges of four important South-Central US milkweeds: Asclepias asperula ssp. capricornu, A. viridis, A. oenotheroides, and A. latifolia. Twelve models per species utilized subsets of six to eight of 95 edapho-topo-climatic variables chosen by a random subset feature selection algorithm. Milkweed weekly phenology was compared between early and late season periods of monarch activity. Novel land cover preference risk assessments were developed for milkweeds through land cover utilization-availability analyses, incorporating a novel sample bias reduction method for citizen science data before calculation of relativized electivity index (E*) land cover preference. Asclepias a. ssp. capricornu and A. viridis occurred more frequently during early season monarch activity, while A. oenotheroides and A. latifolia occurred more frequently during late season monarch activity. Milkweed utilization of roadsides varied from 6–31%. Developed-Open Space and Grassland Herbaceous land classes generally had highest benefit among milkweeds. Cultivated Crops and Shrub/Scrub had high risk. Combined milkweed high Ei* kernel density estimation surfaces resolved interior and coastal corridors of milkweed land cover preference providing functional connectivity for the monarch spring and fall migrations. A potentially critical gap in milkweed land cover benefit connectivity was identified in South Texas. Milkweed land cover preference risk assessments can be used to prioritize milkweed habitat conservation for enhancing monarch migration connectivity across the South-Central US.

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“…Since 2008, we have seen conversion of just over 162,000 ha of row crop (largely in midwestern states; Iowa farmland accounts for just over half) to high-diversity pollinator habitat through the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Conservation Reserve Program CP-42 Pollinator Habitat (USDA FSA 2020). In roadside areas, state transportation agencies collectively manage approximately 4 million ha to promote native grass and forb species, minimize noxious or invasive plants, prevent erosion, and create pollinator habitat (Glass and Smith 2018;Cariveau et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial Analysis of Converting Rural Lawns to Pollinator Habitat in the Corn Belt

Janke

Tyndall

Bradbury

2021

Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management

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Conservation efforts in rural landscapes seek to improve the multifunctional nature of land uses for people and the biotic communities that support them. In these environments, existing turf grass lawns mowed routinely thorough the summer presents an opportunity where changes in management from intensively managed monocultures toward diverse native perennial vegetation can stack environmental benefits by improving soil health, water quality, and wildlife habitat. Conversion of lawns to pollinator habitat can help achieve continental goals of reversing declines in high-profile species like monarch butterflies Danaus plexippus and native bees. Here, we present a study that examines the financial implications for landowners and managers considering conversion of lawns to pollinator habitat in rural landscapes. We examined financial factors over a 10-year management horizon in three unique scenarios with a range of expenses; self-maintenance of lawns, contracted maintenance of lawns, and establishment and management of pollinator habitat. Our analyses indicate conversion to pollinator habitat was appreciably less expensive ($54-$167/acre/year) than continued self-care ($637-$1,007/acre/year) or contracted care ($326-$1034/acre/year) of lawns over a 10-year period. These results establish the financial benefits for landowners or land managers considering an alternative management paradigm of existing lawns. These financial benefits complement existing literature demonstrating multiple ecological benefits of diverse native perennial vegetation.

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Rapid Assessment of Roadsides as Potential Habitat for Monarchs and Other Pollinators

Cited by 17 publications

References 81 publications

Monarch Habitat in Conservation Grasslands

Monarch Habitat in Conservation Grasslands

Distribution, phenology, and land cover preference risk assessments of four South-Central US milkweeds (Asclepias spp.) important for monarch butterflies

Financial Analysis of Converting Rural Lawns to Pollinator Habitat in the Corn Belt

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