Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing based on EUCAST guideline for E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus

Park, Jong-Min; Kwon, Mijung; Yong, Dongeun

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106422.9

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Accordingly, once the causative pathogen and its antimicrobial susceptibility are known, de-escalation of empirical broadspectrum antibiotics to targeted therapy is recommended [6]. However, the slow turnaround time of conventional antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods (approximately 48-72 h from the time a blood culture turns positive) is a major bottleneck that delays the de-escalation of empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics to targeted antibiotics [7,8]. To minimize such delays, rapid AST methods that provide results within a few hours of blood culture positivity have been developed, a few of which have been approved by regulatory agencies [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the QMAC‐dRAST System Version 2.5 for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Gram‐Negative Bacteria From Positive Blood Culture Broth and Subcultured Colony Isolates

Kim,

Kang,

Shim

et al. 2024

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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BackgroundRapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for bloodstream infections (BSIs) facilitates the optimization of antimicrobial therapy, preventing antimicrobial resistance and improving patient outcomes. QMAC‐dRAST (QuantaMatrix Inc., Korea) is a rapid AST platform based on microfluidic chip technology that performs AST directly using positive blood culture broth (PBCB). This study evaluated the performance of QMAC‐dRAST for Gram‐negative bacteria using PBCB and subcultured colony isolates, comparing it with that of VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, France) using broth microdilution (BMD) as the reference method.MethodsWe included 141 Gram‐negative blood culture isolates from patients with BSI and 12 carbapenemase‐producing clinical isolates of Enterobacterales spiked into blood culture bottles. QMAC‐dRAST performance was evaluated using PBCB and colony isolates, whereas VITEK 2 and BMD were tested only on colony isolates.ResultsFor PBCB, QMAC‐dRAST achieved 92.1% categorical agreement (CA), 95.3% essential agreement (EA), with 1.8% very major errors (VMEs), 3.5% major errors (MEs), and 5.2% minor errors (mEs). With colony isolates, it exhibited 92.5% CA and 95.1% EA, with 2.0% VMEs, 3.2% MEs, and 4.8% mEs. VITEK 2 showed 94.1% CA and 96.0% EA, with 4.3% VMEs, 0.4% MEs, and 4.3% mEs. QMAC‐dRAST yielded elevated error rates for specific antimicrobial agents, with high VMEs for carbapenems and aminoglycosides. The median time to result for QMAC‐dRAST was 5.9 h for PBCB samples and 6.1 h for subcultured colony isolates.ConclusionsThe QMAC‐dRAST system demonstrated considerable strengths and comparable performance to the VITEK 2 system; however, challenges were discerned with specific antimicrobial agents, underlining a necessity for improvement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the QMAC‐dRAST System Version 2.5 for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Gram‐Negative Bacteria From Positive Blood Culture Broth and Subcultured Colony Isolates

Kim,

Kang,

Shim

et al. 2024

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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“…Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) is a prevalent pathogenic microorganism in both community and hospital settings, and it is considered one of the most dangerous foodborne pathogens worldwide (J. M. Park, Kwon, et al, 2023). The excessive use of antibiotics in recent years has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic‐resistant strains, posing a significant challenge for clinical treatment (Wu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A natural inhibitor of diapophytoene desaturase attenuates methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pathogenicity and overcomes drug‐resistance

Han,

Wang,

Niu

2024

British J Pharmacology

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Background and PurposeAt present, the inhibition of staphyloxanthin biosynthesis has emerged as a prominent strategy in combating methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Nonetheless, there remains a limited understanding regarding the bio‐structural characteristics of staphyloxanthin biosynthetic enzymes, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between inhibitors and proteins. Furthermore, the functional scope of these inhibitors is relatively narrow.Experimental ApproachIn this study, we address these limitations by harnessing the power of deep learning techniques to construct the 3D structure of diapophytoene desaturase (CrtN). We perform efficient virtual screening and unveil alnustone as a potent inhibitor of CrtN. Further investigations employing molecular modelling, site‐directed mutagenesis and biolayer interferometry (BLI) confirmed that alnustone binds to the catalytic active site of CrtN. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that alnustone significantly down‐regulates genes associated with staphyloxanthin, histidine and peptidoglycan biosynthesis.Key ResultsUnder the effects of alnustone, MRSA strains exhibit enhanced sensitivity to various antibiotics and the host immune system, accompanied by increased cell membrane permeability. In a mouse model of systemic MRSA infection, the combination of alnustone and antibiotics exhibited a significant therapeutic effect, leading to reduced bacterial colony counts and attenuated pathological damage.Conclusion and ImplicationsAlnustone, as a natural inhibitor targeting CrtN, exhibits outstanding antibacterial properties that are single‐targeted yet multifunctional. This finding provides a novel strategy and theoretical basis for the development of drugs targeting staphyloxanthin producing bacteria.

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Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing based on EUCAST guideline for E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of the QMAC‐dRAST System Version 2.5 for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Gram‐Negative Bacteria From Positive Blood Culture Broth and Subcultured Colony Isolates

Evaluation of the QMAC‐dRAST System Version 2.5 for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Gram‐Negative Bacteria From Positive Blood Culture Broth and Subcultured Colony Isolates

A natural inhibitor of diapophytoene desaturase attenuates methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pathogenicity and overcomes drug‐resistance

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