Rapid and Simple Method for Estimation of Sugar Esters

Lin, Yang; Wagner, George J.

doi:10.1021/jf00044a024

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…S1 A and B) was measured, as described by Boughton et al (36), by counting trichomes on the adaxial and abaxial sides of leaf discs of three different laminar positions that span the length of the leaf. Trichomes were stained with a 0.5% m/v solution of Rhodamine B in water as described in Lin and Wagner (37), and subsequently counted under a Zeiss Stereomicroscope Discovery.V8 (Carl Zeiss). Leaf areas were calculated by using the SigmaScanPro 5 (SPSS Inc.) software, and trichome densities were calculated as the number of trichomes per leaf area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichome-derived O -acyl sugars are a first meal for caterpillars that tags them for predation

Weinhold

Baldwin

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

194

154

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Plant glandular trichomes exude secondary metabolites with defensive functions, but these epidermal protuberances are surprisingly the first meal of Lepidopteran herbivores on Nicotiana attenuata. O-acyl sugars, the most abundant metabolite of glandular trichomes, impart a distinct volatile profile to the body and frass of larvae that feed on them. The headspace composition of Manduca sexta larvae is dominated by the branched chain aliphatic acids hydrolyzed from ingested O-acyl sugars, which waxes and wanes rapidly with trichome ingestion. In native habitats a ground-hunting predator, the omnivorous ant Pogonomyrmex rugosus, but not the big-eyed bug Geocoris spp., use these volatile aliphatic acids to locate their prey.indirect defenses | dangerous body odors

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichome-derived O -acyl sugars are a first meal for caterpillars that tags them for predation

Weinhold

Baldwin

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

194

154

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“…This and the more predominant sucrose tetraesters of lower carboxylic acids are now considered to be some of the most important aroma precursors responsible for Oriental flavor (4). In Nicotiana, SE are well characterized and are grouped into at least eight types of acetylated or non-acetylated 2,3,4-tri-O-acyl-"-D-glucopyranoside-"-D-fructofuranosides where the acyl groups are C 3 to C 8 straight or branched aliphatic acids (5). Only in one published case has an unsaturated acyl constitutent with one double bond been shown (6).…”

Section: Resumementioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Quantification of Sucrose Esters in Various Turkish Tobaccos

Ashraf-Khorassani

Nazem

Taylor

et al. 2005

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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SUMMARYGas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and reversed-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to compare and quantify sucrose esters (SE) in five different tobaccos. The concentration of SE varied from 340 to 950 :g/g. In order to quantify the SE in each tobacco, the trimethylsilane (TMS) derivative of each sample was analyzed via GC-MS. It appeared that in the five tobaccos, the intensities of the five chosen SE-derived molecular masses increased in the order m/z 622 < 636 < 678 < 650 < 664 for samples 1-3, but for samples 4 and 5, the m/z 678 and 650 were reversed. In order to qualitatively characterize the various SE chromatographic fractions LC-MS was used. It was determined that the lowest parent SE m/z in which acetyl was attached to glucose was detected at m/z 566 (10 carbons), and the highest m/z was found at 692 (19 carbons). Some m/z values showed more than one peak which indicated the presence of isomers. All samples showed the presence of at least five different SE peaks wherein acetyl was attached to fructose (i.e. m/z 205). Also, acyl unsaturation was observed in selected fractions. [Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 21 (2005)

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“…Tall glandular trichome, a multicellular stalk topped by unicellular or multicellular head; short glandular trichome, a unicellular stalk topped by multicellular head (Akers et al, 1978) Labdene-diol diterpenes and amphipathic sugar esters (Lin and Wagner, 1994) Ocimum basilicum Peltate glandular trichome consisting of a base cell, stalk cell, and a four-celled head; capitate glandular trichome, consisting of a single base and stock cell and one-to two-celled head; multicellular nonglandular spiked trichome (Werker et al, 1993) Phenylpropanoid eugenol, monoterpanoid linalool, and phenylpropanoid methylcinnanmate (Xie et al, 2008) Salvia fruticosa Type I consisting of one to two stalk cells and one to two enlarged, rounded to pear-shaped secretory head cells; type II consisting of one to two stalk cells and one elongated head cell as narrow as the stalk cells at its base and slightly enlarged above; type III consisting of two to five elongated stalk cells and rounded head in young leaves, which becomes cup shaped in mature leaves (Werker et al, 1985) Essential oils, such as a-pinene, 1,8-cineole, camphor, and borneol (Arikat et al, 2004) Solanum habrochaites Type I glandular trichome, large in size with multicellular base; type III, intermediate in size with a single basal cell; type IV, a short, multicellular stalk that secretes droplets of sticky exudate at the tip; type V, short, slender, one to four celled; type VI, short with a two-to four-celled glandular head; type VII, 0.05-to 0.1-mm smaller glandular hair with a four-to eight-celled glandular head; type VI is particularly abundant (Reeves, 1977) Mainly a-santalene, a-bergamotene, and b-bergamotene; small amounts of a-humulene and b-caryophyllene (Besser et al, 2009) Solanum lycopersicum Same as above Monoterpenes (Besser et al, 2009) …”

Section: Nicotiana Tabacummentioning

confidence: 99%

TrichOME: A Comparative Omics Database for Plant Trichomes

et al. 2009

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Plant secretory trichomes have a unique capacity for chemical synthesis and secretion and have been described as biofactories for the production of natural products. However, until recently, most trichome-specific metabolic pathways and genes involved in various trichome developmental stages have remained unknown. Furthermore, only a very limited amount of plant trichome genomics information is available in scattered databases. We present an integrated “omics” database, TrichOME, to facilitate the study of plant trichomes. The database hosts a large volume of functional omics data, including expressed sequence tag/unigene sequences, microarray hybridizations from both trichome and control tissues, mass spectrometry-based trichome metabolite profiles, and trichome-related genes curated from published literature. The expressed sequence tag/unigene sequences have been annotated based upon sequence similarity with popular databases (e.g. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Transporter Classification Database). The unigenes, metabolites, curated genes, and probe sets have been mapped against each other to enable comparative analysis. The database also integrates bioinformatics tools with a focus on the mining of trichome-specific genes in unigenes and microarray-based gene expression profiles. TrichOME is a valuable and unique resource for plant trichome research, since the genes and metabolites expressed in trichomes are often underrepresented in regular non-tissue-targeted cDNA libraries. TrichOME is freely available at http://www.planttrichome.org/.

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Rapid and Simple Method for Estimation of Sugar Esters

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Trichome-derived O -acyl sugars are a first meal for caterpillars that tags them for predation

Trichome-derived O -acyl sugars are a first meal for caterpillars that tags them for predation

Identification and Quantification of Sucrose Esters in Various Turkish Tobaccos

TrichOME: A Comparative Omics Database for Plant Trichomes

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