Rapid and precise absolute distance measurements at long range

Coddington, Ian; Swann, William C.; Nenadović, L.; Newbury, Nathan R.

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2009.94

Cited by 816 publications

(409 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Detector arrays or selected filtering bring the possibility of more rapid acquisition of high SNR spectra. We note many of the SNR and accuracy considerations here apply as well to dual comb LIDAR [66]. As a demonstration of the capabilities of dual comb spectroscopy, we measured the fully normalized, complex response of the rovibrational band of HCN for the first overtone of the C-H stretch.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent dual-comb spectroscopy at high signal-to-noise ratio

2010

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Two coherent frequency combs are used to measure the full complex response of a sample in a configuration analogous to a dispersive Fourier transform spectrometer, infrared time domain spectrometer, or a multiheterodyne laser spectrometer. This dual comb spectrometer retains the frequency accuracy and resolution of the reference underlying the stabilized combs. We discuss the specific design of our coherent dual-comb spectrometer and demonstrate the potential of this technique by measuring the overtone vibration of hydrogen cyanide, centered at 194 THz (1545 nm). We measure the fully normalized, complex response of the gas over a 9 THz bandwidth at 220 MHz frequency resolution yielding 41,000 resolution elements. The average spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) over the 9 THz bandwidth is 2,500 for both the magnitude and phase of the measured spectral response and the peak SNR is 4,000. This peak SNR corresponds to a fractional absorption sensitivity of 0.05% and a phase sensitivity of 250 microradians. As the spectral coverage of combs expands, coherent dual-comb spectroscopy could provide high frequency accuracy and resolution measurements of a complex sample response across a range of spectral regions.Work of U.S. government, not subject to copyright.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent dual-comb spectroscopy at high signal-to-noise ratio

2010

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“…An interesting line of more recent development is based on Hänsch-type frequency combs, often with sub-mm accuracy, some of them developed for applications over very long distances in space (e.g. [60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67]). One common feature of most of the techniques discussed in those reviews is the need to accurately measure, in one way or another, intensities returned from the object.…”

Section: Laser-based Distance Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ranging with frequency-shifted feedback lasers: from $$\upmu$$ μ m-range accuracy to MHz-range measurement rate

Kim¹,

Ogurtsov²,

Bonnet³

et al. 2016

Appl. Phys. B

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We report results on ranging based on frequency shifted feedback (FSF) lasers with two different implementations: (1) An Ytterbium-fiber system for measurements in an industrial environment with accuracy of the order of 1 µm, achievable over a distance of the order of meters with potential to reach an accuracy of better than 100 nm; (2) A semiconductor laser system for a high rate of measurements with an accuracy of 2 mm @ 1 MHz or 75 µm @ 1 kHz and a limit of the accuracy of ≥ 10 µm. In both implementations, the distances information is derived from a frequency measurement.The method is therefore insensitive to detrimental influence of ambient light. For the Ytterbium-fiber system a key feature is the injection of a single frequency laser, phase modulated at variable frequency Ω, into the FSFlaser cavity. The frequency Ω max at which the detector signal is maximal yields the distance. The semiconductor FSF laser system operates without external injection seeding. In this case the key feature is frequency counting that allows convenient choice of either accuracy or speed of measurements simply by changing the duration of the interval during which the frequency is measured by counting.

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“…The frequencies of lasers stabilized to the 3.39 µm transition of CH 4 and the 9.33 µm and 10.18 µm transitions of CO 2 were measured with an IR frequency synthesis chain extending upwards from the Cs frequency standard [2]. The absolute frequency of a He-Ne laser (633 nm) stabilized with iodine optical transition was measured with a total uncertainty of 1.6 parts in 10 10 by comparing with a known frequency, synthesized by summing the emission frequency of three different metrology lasers in a He-Ne plasma [3]. More recently, the frequency of a 657 nm 40 Ca optical frequency standard was determined against the Cs frequency standard by a phase-coherent chain with a total relative uncertainty of 2.5 parts in 10 13 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coherent frequency comb-based LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging system) combines advantages of both time-of-flight and interferometric ranging techniques [10]. Combination of the two techniques ultimately allows for 2 × 10 −13 ranging precision measurements with cooperative targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Frequency Combs in Monolithic Resonators

2016

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Optical frequency combs have become indispensable in astronomical measurements, biological fingerprinting, optical metrology, and radio frequency photonic signal generation. Recently demonstrated microring resonator-based Kerr frequency combs point the way towards chip scale optical frequency comb generator retaining major properties of the lab scale devices. This technique is promising for integrated miniature radiofrequency and microwave sources, atomic clocks, optical references and femtosecond pulse generators. Here we present Kerr frequency comb development in a historical perspective emphasizing its similarities and differences with other physical phenomena. We elucidate fundamental principles and describe practical implementations of Kerr comb oscillators, highlighting associated solved and unsolved problems.

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Rapid and precise absolute distance measurements at long range

Cited by 816 publications

References 45 publications

Coherent dual-comb spectroscopy at high signal-to-noise ratio

Coherent dual-comb spectroscopy at high signal-to-noise ratio

Ranging with frequency-shifted feedback lasers: from $$\upmu$$ μ m-range accuracy to MHz-range measurement rate

On Frequency Combs in Monolithic Resonators

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