Rapid and low temperature spark plasma sintering synthesis of novel carbon nanotube reinforced titanium matrix composites

Wang, Fuchi; Zhang, Zhao Hui; Sun, Yongjun; Liu, Ying; Hu, Zheng-Yang; Wang, Hu; Корзников, А. В.; Korznikova, Elena A.; Liu, Zhenfeng; Sakai, Osamu

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2015.08.061

Cited by 170 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the observation in this present study agrees with the previous studyby Feng et al [27], in which they concluded the reaction between defective graphitized MWCNTs and Ti is promoted by an increase in temperature and that the amount of TiC formation is limited below 980 °C. Although an earlier report by Caiet al [20]indicated that the reaction between Ti and amorphous carbons in defective MWCNTs can occur at a temperature as low as 700 °C during SPS processing, this present study showed that the HEBMA method in combination with SPS can delay, and as wellcontrol, the interfacial reaction between Ti64 and defective MWCNTGr.This affirms the findings of a similar study by Wang et al [45] wherein they opined that short sintering cycles in SPS preservesthe structure of MWCNTs and may prevent the reaction between Ti and MWCNTs.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Patterns Of Sintered Ti64 and Mwcntgr/ti64supporting

confidence: 92%

“…3e and f) respectively.These observations are in agreement with the reports of a similar study by Saheb et al [49] on the reinforcement of Al alloys with CNTs.The higher relative density in the composite with 1 wt % MWCNTGrwas most probably due to the relative homogeneous dispersion of the MWCNTGr within the metal matrix and not due to the supposed minor detrimental effect of a lower weight fraction of MWCNTGr. This position was premised on a previous study by Wang et al [45] wherein Between 850 and 1000 °C,the relative densities improved by 1.2, 0.5 and 1.7 % with 1, 2 and 3 wt % MWCNTGr respectively in the sintered composites. as the weight fraction of MWCNTGr was increased from 1, 2 to3 wt % respectively.Comparing the hardness of the unreinforced Ti64 and the composite containing 3 wt % MWCNTGr at 850 and 1000 °C respectively, the observed hardness was enhanced by 2.7and 10 % respectively, as the measured hardness improved from 335 -344 HV and from 362 -398 HV at these temperaturesrespectively.…”

Section: Influence Of Sintering Temperature On the Densificationof Mwmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Spark plasma sintering of graphitized multi-walled carbon nanotube reinforced Ti6Al4V

et al. 2017

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Graphitized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTGr) reinforced Ti6Al4V (Ti64) matrix composites prepared via thepowder metallurgy route were synthesized by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. 1, 2 and 3 wt % MWCNTGr were dispersed in the Ti64 matrices by adapted high energy ball milling (HEBMA). Composite powder mixtures were sintered in vacuum at constant applied pressure, heating rate and isothermal holding time of 50 MPa, 100 °C/min and 5 min respectively. Thesintering temperature was varied between 850 and 1000 °C.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD)were used to characterize the as-received MWCNTs, MWCNTGr, admixed composite powders and the bulk sintered composites. MWCNTGr evolution during graphitization treatment, dispersion in Ti64 matrix and in the sintered composites was analyzed using the characteristic Raman peak intensity ratio (ID/IG). The relative density of the sintered MWCNTGr/Ti64 composites was enhanced with increased sintering temperature, but deteriorated with increased wt % MWCNTGr in the metal matrix. Vickers microhardness of the consolidated composites improved with increasing sintering temperature and weight fractions of MWCNTGr over that of the unreinforced matrix alloy.The formation of crystalline TiC interfacial product during composite powder processing and consolidationis also discussed.

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Section: X-ray Diffraction Patterns Of Sintered Ti64 and Mwcntgr/ti64supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Influence Of Sintering Temperature On the Densificationof Mwmentioning

confidence: 78%

Spark plasma sintering of graphitized multi-walled carbon nanotube reinforced Ti6Al4V

et al. 2017

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“…And then, the compressive strength of composites slightly decreases with the addition of 0.4 wt% graphene. This phenomenon is connected with the fine grain size of Ti matrix by adding graphene and the reinforcing effect of graphene [22]. The compressive strength of graphene-Ti composites can be expressed by the following equation [22],…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(5), decrease in k effectively reduces the compressive strength of composites. Therefore, the variation of compressive strength of composites can be attributed to the interaction effects of the average grain size of Ti matrix (d m ) and the characteristics of graphene (such as volume fraction V f and aspect ratio k) [22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Graphene–Titanium Composites Synthesized by Microwave Sintering

Yang¹,

Huang²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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The x wt% graphene-Ti composites (x = 0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) were obtained using the powder metallurgy method. The X-ray diffraction results demonstrated that the peak intensity of graphene increased monotonically with increasing graphene content. Furthermore, the number of grain boundary and interface between graphene and matrix increased as graphene increased, which led to a sharp rise of thermal resistances. The thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of composites initially decreased drastically with addition of graphene, but then increased with increasing graphene content from 0.2 to 0.4 wt%. This phenomenon was connected with the graphene content and the characteristics of Ti matrix (pores, grain boundary and interface between graphene and matrix). The variation of the compressive strength of composites was attributed to the interaction effects of the average grain size of the Ti matrix (d m ) and the volume fraction (V f ) and aspect ratio (k) of graphene.

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“…The pulsed electric current has been successfully explored in terms of spark plasma sintering (SPS), also known as pulsed electric current sintering (PECS) or field assisted sintering (FAST), which combines externally uniaxial pressure and high‐intensity pulsed direct current . This method has been used extensively over the past decade to consolidate a wide range of materials with novel microstructures and obvious benefits in properties when compared to the conventional methods …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spark Plasma Sintering and Microstructural Characterization of Nb–Cr Eutectic Alloy

Gao

Wang

2018

Adv Eng Mater

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Bulk NbCr 2 Laves phase composites are fabricated via spark plasma sintering using coarse Cr and Nb powders. The sintering behavior and phase morphological evolution of the Nb-Cr eutectic alloy along the sintering temperature are investigated. The results show that the microstructures of the samples sintered at different temperatures consist of Nbss, Crss, and NbCr 2 Laves phase without any formation of eutectics. The phase transformation and microstructural evolution are analyzed by considering the inhomogeneous temperature distribution and the accelerated atomic diffusion induced by the applied pulsed electric current. While the absence of eutectic and the grain refinement of NbCr 2 Laves phase are mainly attributed to the in situ precipitation from the supersaturated Nb solid solution and the transient thermal compressive stress caused by the nonsynchronous of temperature increment and thermal expansion during spark plasma sintering.

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Rapid and low temperature spark plasma sintering synthesis of novel carbon nanotube reinforced titanium matrix composites

Cited by 170 publications

References 83 publications

Spark plasma sintering of graphitized multi-walled carbon nanotube reinforced Ti6Al4V

Spark plasma sintering of graphitized multi-walled carbon nanotube reinforced Ti6Al4V

Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Graphene–Titanium Composites Synthesized by Microwave Sintering

Spark Plasma Sintering and Microstructural Characterization of Nb–Cr Eutectic Alloy

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